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Test 2 · ★ · Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant…

In Fantasia, hippos dance ballet in tutus. Which is true of real hippos?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: hippos · What happens: dance, be · To what, where: ballet, Fantasia

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 184 «Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfish and the Pantanal» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In Fantasia, hippos dance ballet in tutus.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 Fantasia	case
2	Fantasia	Fantasia	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 dance	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Fantasia	punct
4	hippos	hippo	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 dance	nsubj
5	dance	dance	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	ballet	ballet	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 dance	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 tutus	case
8	tutus	tutu	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 dance	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 dance	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dance	present	hippos	ballet		Fantasia		in tutus	vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location ballet=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which is true of real hippos?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 hippos	case
5	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 hippos	amod
6	hippos	hippo	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 true	obl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						of real hippos; true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

They can fly a little

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 fly	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 fly	aux
3	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 little	det
5	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 fly	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	can	They	a little					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location little=Theme

Option 2

They are shy and harmless

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 shy	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 shy	cop
3	shy	shy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 harmless	cc
5	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 shy	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					shy property	tree rules
2	be		They not said here						tree rules

Option 3

They live in snowy mountains

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 live	nsubj
2	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 mountains	case
4	snowy	snowy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 mountains	amod
5	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 live	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	They			snowy mountains			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mountain=Location

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They are territorial and often said to kill more people in Africa than lions

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 territorial	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 territorial	cop
3	territorial	territorial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 said	cc
5	often	often	ADV	_	6 said	advmod
6	said	say	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 territorial	conj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 kill	mark
8	kill	kill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 said	xcomp
9	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 people	amod
10	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 kill	obj
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 Africa	case
12	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 kill	obl
13	than	than	ADP	_	14 lions	case
14	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 kill	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					territorial property	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	participle	They not said here					often property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	kill	to-infinitive	They not said here	more people		Africa		than lions	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/t2/