Exam question 1 · Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest

Identify the animal that attains the greatest speed known in the animal kingdom, and the circumstance in which it does so.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, animal · What happens: identify, attain, know · To what, where: animal, greatest speed, animal kingdom

This is exam question 1 of lesson 185 «Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 animal	det
3	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 attains	nsubj
5	attains	attain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 animal	acl:relcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 speed	det
7	greatest	great	ADJ	Degree=Sup	8 speed	amod
8	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 attains	obj
9	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 speed	acl
10	in	in	ADP	_	13 kingdom	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 kingdom	det
12	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 kingdom	compound
13	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 known	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 circumstance	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 circumstance	cc
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 circumstance	det
17	circumstance	circumstance	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obl
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 which	case
19	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	21 does	obl
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 does	nsubj
21	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 circumstance	appos
22	so	so	ADV	_	21 does	advmod
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the animal		the circumstance obl	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent animal=Theme
2	attain	present	the animal	the greatest speed			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speed=Theme
3	know	participle		the greatest speed not said here	the animal kingdom		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The racehorse, upon a track

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 racehorse	det
2	racehorse	racehorse	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 racehorse	punct
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 track	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 track	det
6	track	track	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 racehorse	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

The cheetah, during a sustained run of one hour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cheetah	det
2	cheetah	cheetah	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 run	punct
4	during	during	ADP	_	7 run	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 run	det
6	sustained	sustain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 run	amod
7	run	run	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cheetah	conj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 hour	case
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 hour	nummod
10	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 run	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sustain	participle							vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent
2	run			one hour					nom run «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

The sailfish, while resting

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sailfish	det
2	sailfish	sailfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 sailfish	punct
4	while	while	SCONJ	_	5 resting	mark
5	resting	rest	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 sailfish	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rest	gerund	the sailfish not said here						vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The peregrine falcon, during a dive with wings folded

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 falcon	det
2	peregrine	peregrine	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 falcon	compound
3	falcon	falcon	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 dive	punct
5	during	during	ADP	_	7 dive	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 dive	det
7	dive	dive	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 falcon	appos
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 wings	case
9	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 dive	nmod
10	folded	fold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 wings	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fold	participle		wings not said here					vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest/e1/