Exam question 4 · Record-breakers: the biggest and the smallest

Ascertain the principal difficulty confronting mammals and birds of very small size.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, principal difficulty · What happens: ascertain, confront · To what, where: principal difficulty, mammals

This is exam question 4 of lesson 186 «Record-breakers: the biggest and the smallest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 difficulty	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 difficulty	amod
4	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	confronting	confront	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 difficulty	acl
6	mammals	mammal	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 confronting	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 birds	cc
8	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 mammals	conj
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 size	case
10	very	very	ADV	_	11 small	advmod
11	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 size	amod
12	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 birds	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the principal difficulty					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent difficulty=Topic
2	confront	gerund	the principal difficulty not said here	mammals and birds of small size					vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mammal=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The rapid loss of bodily heat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 loss	det
2	rapid	rapid	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 loss	compound
3	loss	loss	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 heat	case
5	bodily	bodily	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 heat	amod
6	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 loss	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

An excessive requirement for large meals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 requirement	det
2	excessive	excessive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 requirement	amod
3	requirement	requirement	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 meals	case
5	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 meals	amod
6	meals	meal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 requirement	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

An inability to move

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 inability	det
2	inability	inability	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 move	mark
4	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 inability	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	to-infinitive							vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Excessive bodily weight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Excessive	excessive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 weight	amod
2	bodily	bodily	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 weight	amod
3	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/186-record-breakers-the-biggest-and-the-smallest/e4/