Test 8 · ★★ · How a dog thinks: a world of smells, sounds and faces

«that collie knows 1000 toys, so my dog must understand every word I say» What is closer to the truth?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: collie, dog, I · What happens: know, understand, say, be · To what, where: 1000 toys, word · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 193 «How a dog thinks: a world of smells, sounds and faces» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 knows	punct
2	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 collie	det
3	collie	collie	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 knows	nsubj
4	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	1000	1000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 toys	nummod
6	toys	toy	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 knows	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 understand	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	12 understand	advmod
9	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 dog	nmod:poss
10	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 understand	nsubj
11	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 understand	aux
12	understand	understand	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 knows	conj
13	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	14 word	det
14	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 understand	obj
15	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 say	nsubj
16	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 word	acl:relcl
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 knows	punct
18	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	20 closer	nsubj
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 closer	cop
20	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 knows	advcl
21	to	to	ADP	_	23 truth	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 truth	det
23	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 closer	obl
24	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 knows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	know in a quote	present	that collie	1000 toys		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer toy=Stimulus
2	understand in a quote	must	my dog	every word		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus
3	say speech: assert in a quote	present	I	every word not said here		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent word=Topic
4	is	present			to the truth; close property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Most dogs understand tone of voice better than exact words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	2 dogs	amod
2	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 understand	nsubj
3	understand	understand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	tone	tone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 understand	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 voice	case
6	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tone	nmod
7	better	well	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 understand	advmod
8	than	than	ADP	_	10 words	case
9	exact	exact	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 words	amod
10	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 better	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	understand	present	Most dogs	tone of voice				well property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer tone=Stimulus
2	intonate			voice					nom tone «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

Yes, all dogs know every word, they just choose not to listen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 know	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 dogs	det
4	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 know	nsubj
5	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	7 word	det
7	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 know	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 choose	punct
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 choose	nsubj
10	just	just	ADV	_	11 choose	advmod
11	choose	choose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 know	conj
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 listen	advmod
13	to	to	PART	_	14 listen	mark
14	listen	listen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 choose	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	know	present	all dogs	every word	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus
2	choose	present	dogs = dog		tree rules
3	not listen	to-infinitive	dogs = dog not said here		vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Only collies can hear words at all; other dogs just hear noise

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	2 collies	advmod
2	collies	collie	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hear	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 hear	aux
4	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hear	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 hear	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 hear	punct
9	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 dogs	amod
10	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 hear	nsubj
11	just	just	ADV	_	12 hear	advmod
12	hear	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hear	conj
13	noise	noise	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hear	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hear	can	collies	words		all			vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus
2	hear	present	other dogs	noise					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer noise=Stimulus

Option 4

No dog can learn any word

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 dog	det
2	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 learn	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 learn	aux
4	learn	learn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	6 word	det
6	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 learn	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	can	no dog	any word					vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces/t8/