Test 6 · ★ · Reading a dog: tails, play bows, growls and staying safe
In a cartoon a dog is happy every time its tail wags. What is true of real dogs?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: dog, tail · What happens: be, wag · To what, where: cartoon, time
This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 194 «Reading a dog: tails, play bows, growls and staying safe» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a cartoon a dog is happy every time its tail wags.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 cartoon | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 cartoon | det |
| 3 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 happy | obl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 dog | det |
| 5 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 happy | nsubj |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 happy | cop |
| 7 | happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 8 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 9 time | det |
| 9 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 happy | obl:unmarked |
| 10 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 tail | nmod:poss |
| 11 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 wags | nsubj |
| 12 | wags | wag | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 time | acl:relcl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 happy | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | a dog | a cartoon | time | happy property | tree rules | ||
| 2 | wag | present | dog's tail | every time not said here | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent time=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is true of real dogs?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 true | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 true | cop |
| 3 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 dogs | case |
| 5 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 dogs | amod |
| 6 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 true | obl |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 true | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | of real dogs; true property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Wagging always means anger and a bite coming soon
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wagging | wag | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 means | nsubj |
| 2 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 3 means | advmod |
| 3 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | anger | anger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 means | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 bite | cc |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 bite | det |
| 7 | bite | bite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 anger | conj |
| 8 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 anger | parataxis |
| 9 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 8 coming | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wag | gerund | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | mean | present | anger and a bite | always property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anger=Topic | ||||
| 3 | come | gerund | soon property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2
Every single wag is happy, just like in the cartoons
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 wag | det |
| 2 | single | single | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 wag | amod |
| 3 | wag | wag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 happy | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 happy | cop |
| 5 | happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 cartoons | punct |
| 7 | just | just | ADV | _ | 11 cartoons | advmod |
| 8 | like | like | ADP | _ | 11 cartoons | case |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 cartoons | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 cartoons | det |
| 11 | cartoons | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 happy | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | every single wag | like the cartoons; happy property | tree rules |
Option 3
Real dogs never wag their tails
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 dogs | amod |
| 2 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 wag | nsubj |
| 3 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 4 wag | advmod |
| 4 | wag | wag | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 tails | nmod:poss |
| 6 | tails | tail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 wag | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not wag | present | Real dogs | dogs's tails | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
A wag can mean happy, tense or unsure, so read the whole dog
The tree, 13 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 wag | det |
| 2 | wag | wag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 mean | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 mean | aux |
| 4 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 mean | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 tense | punct |
| 7 | tense | tense | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 happy | conj |
| 8 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 9 unsure | cc |
| 9 | unsure | unsure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 happy | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 read | punct |
| 11 | so | so | ADV | _ | 12 read | advmod |
| 12 | read | read | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 mean | parataxis |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 dog | det |
| 14 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 dog | amod |
| 15 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 read | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | can | a wag | happy property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | read | infinitive | the whole dog | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Topic |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/194-reading-a-dog-tails-play-bows-growls-and-staying-safe/t6/