Exam question 1 · Working dogs: guide, sniffer, sheep, rescue and helper dogs

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the conduct described as intelligent disobedience in the guide dog?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, describe · To what, where: conduct

This is exam question 1 of lesson 196 «Working dogs: guide, sniffer, sheep, rescue and helper dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 conduct	det
10	conduct	conduct	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	described	describe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 conduct	acl
12	as	as	ADP	_	14 disobedience	case
13	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 disobedience	amod
14	disobedience	disobedience	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 described	obl
15	in	in	ADP	_	18 dog	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 dog	det
17	guide	guide	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 dog	compound
18	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 disobedience	nmod
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the conduct	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	describe	participle	the conduct not said here	as intelligent disobedience in the guide dog	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent as disobedience=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The habitual disregard of all commands

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 disregard	det
2	habitual	habitual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 disregard	amod
3	disregard	disregard	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 commands	case
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 commands	det
6	commands	command	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 disregard	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	disregard			all commands					nom disregard «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The refusal of a command whose execution would endanger the handler

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 refusal	det
2	refusal	refusal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 endanger	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 command	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 command	det
5	command	command	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 refusal	nmod
6	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	7 execution	nmod:poss
7	execution	execution	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 command	appos
8	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 endanger	aux
9	endanger	endanger	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 handler	det
11	handler	handler	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 endanger	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	endanger	would	the refusal of a command	the handler	tree rules
2	refuse			a command	nom refusal «communication transitive»: of=patient
3	execute		a command		nom execution «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

The barking at unfamiliar persons

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 barking	det
2	barking	barking	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	5 persons	case
4	unfamiliar	unfamiliar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 persons	amod
5	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 barking	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

The performance of tricks without instruction

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 performance	det
2	performance	performance	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 tricks	case
4	tricks	trick	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 performance	nmod
5	without	without	ADP	_	6 instruction	case
6	instruction	instruction	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 performance	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perform			tricks				without instruction	nom performance «communication transitive»: of=patient without=obl

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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