Test 5 · ★ · Cats: purring, whiskers, night eyes and grooming

«lazy cat sleeps all day, does nothing» What is the real reason?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: lazy cat · What happens: sleep, do, be · To what, where: nothing, real reason · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 197 «Cats: purring, whiskers, night eyes and grooming» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 sleeps	punct
2	lazy	lazy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cat	amod
3	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sleeps	nsubj
4	sleeps	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 day	det
6	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sleeps	obl:unmarked
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 does	punct
8	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sleeps	conj
9	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	8 does	obj
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 does	punct
11	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	15 reason	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 reason	cop
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 reason	det
14	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 reason	amod
15	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 does	parataxis
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 sleeps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	sleep in a quote	present	lazy cat		day	vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	do in a quote	present	lazy cat not said here	nothing		tree rules
3	is a	present		the real reason		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Cats are ill if they sleep in the day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 ill	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 ill	cop
3	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	6 sleep	mark
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 sleep	nsubj
6	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 ill	advcl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 day	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 day	det
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sleep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Cats					ill property	tree rules
2	sleep a condition, not said to happen	present	Cats = cat				day		vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Cats sleep only in winter, when it is too cold to go out and hunt

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sleep	nsubj
2	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 winter	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 winter	case
5	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sleep	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 cold	punct
7	when	when	SCONJ	_	11 cold	mark
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 cold	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 cold	cop
10	too	too	ADV	_	11 cold	advmod
11	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 sleep	conj
12	to	to	PART	_	13 go	mark
13	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 cold	advcl
14	out	out	ADV	_	13 go	advmod
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 hunt	cc
16	hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sleep	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	sleep	present	Cats	winter		vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	it		cold property	tree rules
3	go out	to-infinitive			out property	vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	hunt	present	Cats not said here			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Cats are always bored

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 bored	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bored	cop
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 bored	advmod
4	bored	bored	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Cats					always, bored property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Cats save energy for hunting at dawn and dusk

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 save	nsubj
2	save	save	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 save	obj
4	for	for	SCONJ	_	5 hunting	mark
5	hunting	hunt	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 save	advcl
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 dawn	case
7	dawn	dawn	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hunting	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 dusk	cc
9	dusk	dusk	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 dawn	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	save	present	Cats	energy					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme
2	hunt	gerund	Cats not said here				dawn		vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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