Exam question 4 · The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy

Ascertain the origin of the blue colouration exhibited by the wings of the blue morpho.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, exhibit · To what, where: origin, blue colouration

This is exam question 4 of lesson 2 «The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 origin	det
3	origin	origin	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 colouration	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 colouration	det
6	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 colouration	amod
7	colouration	colouration	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 origin	nmod
8	exhibited	exhibit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 colouration	acl
9	by	by	ADP	_	11 wings	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 wings	det
11	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 exhibited	obl
12	of	of	ADP	_	15 morpho	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 morpho	det
14	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 morpho	amod
15	morpho	morpho	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 wings	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the origin of the blue colouration					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent origin=Topic
2	exhibit	participle		the blue colouration not said here				by the wings of the blue morpho	vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Minute ridges upon the wing scales reflect blue light exclusively

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Minute	minute	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 ridges	amod
2	ridges	ridge	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 reflect	nsubj
3	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 scales	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 scales	det
5	wing	wing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 scales	compound
6	scales	scale	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 ridges	nmod
7	reflect	reflect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 light	amod
9	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 reflect	obj
10	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	7 reflect	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reflect	present	Minute ridges upon the wing scales	blue light				exclusively property	tree rules

Option 2

A blue pigment derived from the nectar of flowers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 pigment	det
2	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 pigment	amod
3	pigment	pigment	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 derived	nsubj
4	derived	derive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 nectar	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 nectar	det
7	nectar	nectar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 derived	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 flowers	case
9	flowers	flower	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 nectar	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	derive	past	a blue pigment			the nectar of flowers			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from nectar=Material

Option 3

The reflection of the sky upon transparent wings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 reflection	det
2	reflection	reflection	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 sky	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 sky	det
5	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reflection	nmod
6	upon	upon	ADP	_	8 wings	case
7	transparent	transparent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 wings	amod
8	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 reflection	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

A blue powder deposited upon the wings by rainfall

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 powder	det
2	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 powder	amod
3	powder	powder	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	deposited	deposit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 powder	acl
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 wings	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wings	det
7	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 deposited	obl
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 rainfall	case
9	rainfall	rainfall	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 deposited	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	deposit	participle		a blue powder not said here		the wings		by rainfall	vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent upon wing=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/e4/