Test 5 · The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy

«the toucan's beak must weigh a ton, how does it fly lol» Which is the best answer?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: beak · What happens: weigh, fly, be · To what, where: ton, best answer · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 5 of lesson 2 «The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 weigh	punct
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 toucan	det
3	toucan	toucan	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 beak	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 toucan	case
5	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 weigh	nsubj
6	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 weigh	aux
7	weigh	weigh	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 ton	det
9	ton	ton	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 weigh	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 fly	punct
11	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	14 fly	advmod
12	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 fly	aux
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 fly	nsubj
14	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 weigh	conj
15	lol	lol	INTJ	_	14 fly	discourse
16	»	»	PUNCT	_	15 lol	punct
17	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	21 answer	nsubj
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 answer	cop
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 answer	det
20	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	21 answer	amod
21	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 fly	parataxis
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 weigh	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	weigh in a quote	must	the toucan's beak	a ton	vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme ton=Value
2	fly in a quote	present · do-support	beak		tree rules
3	be speech: assert	present		the best answer	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is solid but the toucan is very strong

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 solid	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 solid	cop
3	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 strong	cc
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 toucan	det
6	toucan	toucan	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 strong	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 strong	cop
8	very	very	ADV	_	9 strong	advmod
9	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 solid	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					solid property	tree rules
2	is	present	the toucan					strong property	tree rules

Option 2

The toucan cannot fly at all, it only hops

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 toucan	det
2	toucan	toucan	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fly	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 fly	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 fly	advmod
5	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 fly	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 hops	punct
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 hops	nsubj
10	only	only	ADV	_	11 hops	advmod
11	hops	hop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fly	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not fly	can	the toucan			all			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at all=Location
2	hop	present	toucan						vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

The beak is full of air like a balloon, so it lifts the toucan up as it flies

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 beak	det
2	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 full	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 full	cop
4	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 air	case
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 full	obl
7	like	like	ADP	_	9 balloon	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 balloon	det
9	balloon	balloon	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 full	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 lifts	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	13 lifts	advmod
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 lifts	nsubj
13	lifts	lift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 full	conj
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 toucan	det
15	toucan	toucan	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 lifts	obj
16	up	up	ADP	_	13 lifts	compound:prt
17	as	as	SCONJ	_	19 flies	mark
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 flies	nsubj
19	flies	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 lifts	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	the beak		of air; like a balloon; full property	tree rules
2	lift up	present	beak	the toucan		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toucan=Theme
3	fly	present	beak			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The beak is a light honeycomb of bone inside a thin keratin cover

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 beak	det
2	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 honeycomb	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 honeycomb	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 honeycomb	det
5	light	light	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 honeycomb	amod
6	honeycomb	honeycomb	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 bone	case
8	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 honeycomb	nmod
9	inside	inside	ADP	_	13 cover	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 cover	det
11	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 cover	amod
12	keratin	keratin	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 cover	compound
13	cover	cover	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 honeycomb	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the beak	a light honeycomb		a thin keratin cover		of bone	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/t5/