Exam question 4 · Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the origin of the domestic cat.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, origin

This is exam question 4 of lesson 20 «Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 origin	det
11	origin	origin	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	15 cat	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 cat	det
14	domestic	domestic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 cat	amod
15	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 origin	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the origin of the domestic cat		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus origin=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It descends from the lion, domesticated some million years ago

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 descends	nsubj
2	descends	descend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 lion	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 lion	det
5	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 descends	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 domesticated	punct
7	domesticated	domesticate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 descends	conj
8	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	9 million	det
9	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 years	nummod
10	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 ago	obl:unmarked
11	ago	ago	ADV	_	7 domesticated	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	descend	present	It					from the lion	vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from lion=Location
2	domesticate	past						ago property	vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 2

It descends from the domestic dog, domesticated in antiquity

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 descends	nsubj
2	descends	descend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	6 dog	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 dog	det
5	domestic	domestic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 dog	amod
6	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 descends	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 domesticated	punct
8	domesticated	domesticate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 dog	acl
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 antiquity	case
10	antiquity	antiquity	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 domesticated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	descend	present	It					from the domestic dog	vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from dog=Location
2	domesticate	participle		the domestic dog not said here		antiquity			vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It descends from the African wildcat, kept by humans for some ten thousand years

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 descends	nsubj
2	descends	descend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	6 wildcat	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 wildcat	det
5	African	African	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 wildcat	amod
6	wildcat	wildcat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 descends	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 kept	punct
8	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 descends	conj
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 humans	case
10	humans	human	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 kept	obl
11	for	for	ADP	_	15 years	case
12	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	15 years	det
13	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	14 thousand	compound
14	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	15 years	nummod
15	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 kept	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	descend	present	It			the African wildcat			vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from wildcat=Location
2	keep	participle					year	by humans	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by human=Location

Option 4

It descends from the tiger, domesticated by the peoples of India within the past century

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 descends	nsubj
2	descends	descend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 tiger	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 tiger	det
5	tiger	tiger	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 descends	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 domesticated	punct
7	domesticated	domesticate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 tiger	acl
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 peoples	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 peoples	det
10	peoples	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 domesticated	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 India	case
12	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 peoples	nmod
13	within	within	ADP	_	16 century	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 century	det
15	past	past	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 century	amod
16	century	century	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 descends	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	descend	present	It				century	from the tiger	vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from tiger=Location
2	domesticate	participle		the tiger not said here				by the peoples of India	vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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