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Exam question 4 · Hamsters, gerbils and pet rats and mice

It is given that the front teeth of a hamster are of a yellow-orange colour. Ascertain the correct interpretation.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: front teeth, you · What happens: give, be, ascertain · To what, where: It, correct interpretation

This is exam question 4 of lesson 202 «Hamsters, gerbils and pet rats and mice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that the front teeth of a hamster are of a yellow-orange colour.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	17 colour	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 teeth	det
6	front	front	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 teeth	amod
7	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 colour	nsubj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 hamster	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 hamster	det
10	hamster	hamster	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 teeth	nmod
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 colour	cop
12	of	of	ADP	_	17 colour	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 colour	det
14	yellow	yellow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 orange	amod
15	-	-	PUNCT	_	14 yellow	punct
16	orange	orange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 colour	amod
17	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 given	advcl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	is	present	the front teeth of a hamster					of a orange colour	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Ascertain the correct interpretation.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 interpretation	det
3	correct	correct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 interpretation	amod
4	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the correct interpretation					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent interpretation=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

The colour is normal, since rodent incisors bear a hard orange layer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 colour	det
2	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 normal	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 normal	cop
4	normal	normal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 bear	punct
6	since	since	SCONJ	_	9 bear	mark
7	rodent	rodent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 incisors	amod
8	incisors	incisor	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 bear	nsubj
9	bear	bear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 normal	conj
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 layer	det
11	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 layer	amod
12	orange	orange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 layer	amod
13	layer	layer	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 bear	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the colour					normal property	tree rules
2	bear	present	rodent incisors	a hard orange layer					vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Patient

Option 2

The colour denotes a grave disease

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 colour	det
2	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 denotes	nsubj
3	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 disease	det
5	grave	grave	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 disease	compound
6	disease	disease	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 denotes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	the colour	a grave disease					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot disease=Topic

Option 3

The colour results from excessive consumption of carrots

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 results	det
2	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 results	compound
3	results	result	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 consumption	case
5	excessive	excessive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 consumption	amod
6	consumption	consumption	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 results	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 carrots	case
8	carrots	carrot	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consumption	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consume			carrots					nom consumption «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

The colour indicates that the teeth have ceased growing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 colour	det
2	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 indicates	nsubj
3	indicates	indicate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 ceased	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 teeth	det
6	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 ceased	nsubj:pass
7	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 ceased	aux
8	ceased	cease	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 indicates	ccomp
9	growing	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 ceased	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	indicate	present	the colour						vn indicate-78-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot clause=Topic
2	cease	present · perfect · passive		the teeth					tree rules
3	grow	gerund							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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