Test 7 · ★ · Budgies and canaries

In a cartoon a canary teases a cat and sings in every scene. What is true of real canaries?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: canary · What happens: tease, sing, be · To what, where: cat, cartoon, scene

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 205 «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a canary teases a cat and sings in every scene.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 teases	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 canary	det
5	canary	canary	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 teases	nsubj
6	teases	tease	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 cat	det
8	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 teases	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 sings	cc
10	sings	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 teases	conj
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 scene	case
12	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	13 scene	det
13	scene	scene	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sings	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 teases	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tease	present	a canary	a cat		a cartoon			vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Patient
2	sing speech: express	present	a canary not said here			every scene			vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in scene=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true of real canaries?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 canaries	case
5	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 canaries	amod
6	canaries	canary	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 true	obl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						of real canaries; true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Male canaries sing most, and they must be kept safe from cats

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Male	male	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 canaries	amod
2	canaries	canary	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sing	nsubj
3	sing	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	3 sing	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 kept	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 kept	cc
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 kept	nsubj:pass
8	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 kept	aux
9	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 kept	aux:pass
10	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 sing	conj
11	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 kept	xcomp
12	from	from	ADP	_	13 cats	case
13	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 kept	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	present	Male canaries						vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	keep	must · passive		canaries = canary				from cats; safe property	vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Beneficiary from cat=Eventuality

Option 2

Canaries never sing in real life

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Canaries	canary	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sing	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 sing	advmod
3	sing	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 life	case
5	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 life	amod
6	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not sing speech: express	present	Canaries			real life			vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in life=Location

Option 3

Canaries are brave enough to scare cats away by singing at them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Canaries	canary	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 brave	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 brave	cop
3	brave	brave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	enough	enough	ADV	_	3 brave	advmod
5	to	to	PART	_	6 scare	mark
6	scare	scare	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 brave	advcl
7	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 scare	obj
8	away	away	ADV	_	6 scare	advmod
9	by	by	SCONJ	_	10 singing	mark
10	singing	sing	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 scare	advcl
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 them	case
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 singing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Canaries		brave, enough property	tree rules
2	scare away	to-infinitive	Canaries not said here	cats	away property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus cat=Experiencer
3	sing speech: express	gerund	Canaries not said here		at Canaries = canary	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at they=Location

Option 4

Female canaries sing most

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Female	female	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 canaries	amod
2	canaries	canary	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sing	nsubj
3	sing	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	3 sing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	present	Female canaries						vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/t7/