Test 11 · ★ · Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long lives

«why's the parrot screaming its head off, shut it up» Why are some parrots so loud?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: parrot · What happens: scream off, shut up, be · To what, where: head, parrots

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 206 «Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long lives» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 screaming	punct
2	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 screaming	advmod
3	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 screaming	aux
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 parrot	det
5	parrot	parrot	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 screaming	nsubj
6	screaming	scream	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 head	nmod:poss
8	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 screaming	obj
9	off	off	ADP	_	6 screaming	compound:prt
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 shut	punct
11	shut	shut	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 screaming	conj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 shut	obj
13	up	up	ADP	_	11 shut	compound:prt
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 screaming	punct
15	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	18 parrots	advmod
16	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 parrots	cop
17	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	18 parrots	det
18	parrots	parrot	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 screaming	obl
19	so	so	ADV	_	20 loud	advmod
20	loud	loud	ADV	_	6 screaming	advmod
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 screaming	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	scream off speech: express in a quote	present · progressive	the parrot	parrot's head	loud property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Topic
2	shut up in a quote	infinitive	the parrot not said here	head		vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
3	is a	present		some parrots		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Parrots are always in pain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Parrots	parrot	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 pain	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 pain	cop
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 pain	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 pain	case
5	pain	pain	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Parrots			pain		always property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Loud calls carry far, so the flock can keep in touch through the forest

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 calls	amod
2	calls	call	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 carry	nsubj
3	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 carry	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 keep	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	10 keep	advmod
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 flock	det
8	flock	flock	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 keep	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 keep	aux
10	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 carry	conj
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 touch	case
12	touch	touch	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 keep	obl
13	through	through	ADP	_	15 forest	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 forest	det
15	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 keep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present	Loud calls					far property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	keep	can	the flock			touch		through the forest	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in touch=Location

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Parrots are deaf and cannot hear how loud they are, so they shout all day

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Parrots	parrot	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 deaf	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 deaf	cop
3	deaf	deaf	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 hear	cc
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 hear	aux
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 hear	advmod
7	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 deaf	conj
8	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	9 loud	advmod
9	loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 hear	ccomp
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 loud	nsubj
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 loud	cop
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 shout	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	15 shout	advmod
14	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 shout	nsubj
15	shout	shout	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 deaf	parataxis
16	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	17 day	det
17	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 shout	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Parrots		deaf property	tree rules
2	not hear	can	Parrots not said here			vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer
3	is	present	Parrots = parrot		loud property	tree rules
4	shout speech: express	present	Parrots = parrot	day		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

They are copying a fire alarm every time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 copying	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 copying	aux
3	copying	copy	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 alarm	det
5	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 alarm	compound
6	alarm	alarm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 copying	obj
7	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	8 time	det
8	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 copying	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	copy	present · progressive	They	a fire alarm			time		vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alarm=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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