Exam question 1 · Cows: cud, milk, burps and the red cape myth

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the digestive apparatus of the domestic cow?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: digestive apparatus

This is exam question 1 of lesson 209 «Cows: cud, milk, burps and the red cape myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 apparatus	det
10	digestive	digestive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 apparatus	amod
11	apparatus	apparatus	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	15 cow	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 cow	det
14	domestic	domestic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 cow	amod
15	cow	cow	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 apparatus	nmod
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the digestive apparatus of the domestic cow				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

No stomach whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 stomach	det
2	stomach	stomach	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	2 stomach	advmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

A single undivided stomach incapable of digesting grass

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 incapable	det
2	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 incapable	amod
3	undivided	undivided	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 incapable	amod
4	stomach	stomach	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 incapable	compound
5	incapable	incapable	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	SCONJ	_	7 digesting	mark
7	digesting	digest	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 incapable	acl
8	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 digesting	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	digest	gerund	a single undivided stomach incapable not said here	grass					tree rules

Option 3

Four entirely separate stomachs, each digesting a distinct food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 stomachs	nummod
2	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	3 separate	advmod
3	separate	separate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 stomachs	amod
4	stomachs	stomach	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 digesting	punct
6	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	7 digesting	nsubj
7	digesting	digest	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 stomachs	acl
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 food	det
9	distinct	distinct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 food	amod
10	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 digesting	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	digest	gerund	each	a distinct food					tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

A single stomach divided into four compartments, the largest containing microbes which digest grass

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 stomach	det
2	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stomach	amod
3	stomach	stomach	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	divided	divide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 stomach	acl
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 compartments	case
6	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 compartments	nummod
7	compartments	compartment	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 divided	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 microbes	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 microbes	det
10	largest	large	ADJ	Degree=Sup	12 microbes	amod
11	containing	contain	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 microbes	amod
12	microbes	microbe	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 compartments	appos
13	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 digest	nsubj
14	digest	digest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 microbes	acl:relcl
15	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 digest	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	divide	participle		a single stomach not said here	four compartments	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	contain	gerund				vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot
3	digest	present	the largest containing microbes	grass		tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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