Exam question 1 · Sheep and goats: wool, flocks, climbers and the tin-can myth

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the necessity of shearing domestic sheep?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: necessity · What happens: follow, characteris, shear · To what, where: necessity, domestic sheep

This is exam question 1 of lesson 211 «Sheep and goats: wool, flocks, climbers and the tin-can myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 necessity	det
10	necessity	necessity	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	SCONJ	_	12 shearing	mark
12	shearing	shear	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 necessity	acl
13	domestic	domestic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 sheep	amod
14	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 shearing	obj
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the necessity	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	shear	gerund	the necessity not said here	domestic sheep		vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Agent sheep=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Shearing is required solely for the comfort of the shearer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shearing	shearing	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 required	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 required	aux:pass
3	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 required	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 comfort	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 comfort	det
7	comfort	comfort	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 required	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 shearer	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 shearer	det
10	shearer	shearer	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 comfort	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive		Shearing				for the comfort of the shearer; solely property	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition
2	comfort			the shearer					nom comfort «state transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

Wool must be removed lest the animal be mistaken for a goat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wool	wool	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 removed	nsubj:pass
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 removed	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 removed	aux:pass
4	removed	remove	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	lest	lest	SCONJ	_	9 mistaken	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 animal	det
7	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 mistaken	nsubj:pass
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 mistaken	aux:pass
9	mistaken	mistake	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 removed	advcl
10	for	for	ADP	_	12 goat	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 goat	det
12	goat	goat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 mistaken	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remove	must · passive		Wool					vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	mistake	infinitive · passive		the animal				for a goat	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Domestic breeds produce wool which grows continuously and is not shed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Domestic	domestic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 breeds	amod
2	breeds	breed	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 produce	nsubj
3	produce	produce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	wool	wool	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 produce	obj
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 grows	nsubj
6	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 wool	acl:relcl
7	continuously	continuously	ADV	_	6 grows	advmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 shed	cc
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 shed	aux:pass
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 shed	advmod
11	shed	shed	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 grows	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	produce	present	Domestic breeds	wool		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wool=Result
2	grow	present	wool		continuously property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	not shed	present · passive	wool not said here			vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»

Option 4

Wild and domestic sheep alike require annual shearing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 sheep	amod
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 domestic	cc
3	domestic	domestic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Wild	conj
4	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 require	nsubj
5	alike	alike	ADV	_	6 require	advmod
6	require	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	annual	annual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 shearing	amod
8	shearing	shearing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 require	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present	Wild sheep	annual shearing				alike property	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme shearing=Precondition

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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