Test 10 · Sheep and goats: wool, flocks, climbers and the tin-can myth

«how do u tell a goat from a sheep anyway» Which is a good clue?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: u · What happens: tell, be · To what, where: goat, good clue · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 of lesson 211 «Sheep and goats: wool, flocks, climbers and the tin-can myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 tell	punct
2	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	5 tell	advmod
3	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 tell	aux
4	u	you	PRON	Abbr=Yes Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 tell	nsubj
5	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 clue	csubj
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 goat	det
7	goat	goat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tell	obj
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 sheep	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 sheep	det
10	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tell	obl
11	anyway	anyway	ADV	_	5 tell	advmod
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 tell	punct
13	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 clue	nsubj
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 clue	cop
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 clue	det
16	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 clue	amod
17	clue	clue	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	17 clue	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert in a quote	present · do-support	u		a goat			from a sheep; anyway property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent goat=Recipient
2	is a	present		a good clue					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Goats have no ears

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Goats	goat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 ears	det
4	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Goats	no ears					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Patient

Option 2

Sheep have beards and goats never do, even the old billy goats

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	beards	beard	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 do	nsubj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 goats	cc
5	goats	goat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 beards	conj
6	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	7 do	advmod
7	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 have	ccomp
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 goats	punct
9	even	even	ADV	_	13 goats	advmod
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 goats	det
11	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 goats	amod
12	billy	billy	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 goats	compound
13	goats	goat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Sheep						tree rules
2	not do	present	beards and goats						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Goats have four legs and sheep have six

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Goats	goat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 legs	nummod
4	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 have	cc
6	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 have	nsubj
7	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 have	conj
8	six	six	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Goats	four legs					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient
2	have	present	sheep	six					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent six=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A goat's tail usually points up, a sheep's hangs down

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 goat	det
2	goat	goat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tail	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 goat	case
4	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 points	nsubj
5	usually	usually	ADV	_	6 points	advmod
6	points	point	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	up	up	ADP	_	6 points	compound:prt
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 hangs	punct
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 sheep	det
10	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hangs	nsubj
11	's	's	PART	_	10 sheep	case
12	hangs	hang	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 points	conj
13	down	down	ADV	_	12 hangs	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	point up	present	a goat's tail					usually property	vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	hang down	present	a sheep					down property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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