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Test 12 · ★★ · Ducks, geese and farm myths

Donald Duck in cartoons walks about on the ice all winter in a sailor's top. What keeps a real duck warm on ice?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Donald · What happens: walk, keep · To what, where: ice, real duck

This is test 12 · ★★ of lesson 213 «Ducks, geese and farm myths» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Donald Duck in cartoons walks about on the ice all winter in a sailor's top.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Donald	Donald	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 walks	nsubj
2	Duck	Duck	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Donald	flat
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 cartoons	case
4	cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Donald	nmod
5	walks	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	about	about	ADV	_	5 walks	advmod
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 ice	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ice	det
9	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 walks	obl
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 winter	det
11	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 walks	obl
12	in	in	ADP	_	16 top	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 sailor	det
14	sailor	sailor	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 top	nmod:poss
15	's	's	PART	_	14 sailor	case
16	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 walks	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 walks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	present	Donald in cartoons			the ice	winter	in a sailor's top; about property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on ice=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What keeps a real duck warm on ice?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 keeps	nsubj
2	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 duck	det
4	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 duck	amod
5	duck	duck	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 keeps	obj
6	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 duck	amod
7	on	on	ADP	_	8 ice	case
8	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 warm	obl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 keeps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present		a real duck					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent duck=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Ducks feel no cold at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ducks	duck	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 feel	nsubj
2	feel	feel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 cold	det
4	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 feel	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 feel	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	feel	present	Ducks	no cold		all			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent cold=Theme at all=Location

Option 2

A jacket of thick fur

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 jacket	det
2	jacket	jacket	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 fur	case
4	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 fur	amod
5	fur	fur	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 jacket	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Heat swapped between blood vessels in its legs and its waterproof feathers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 swapped	nsubj
2	swapped	swap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	between	between	ADP	_	5 vessels	case
4	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 vessels	compound
5	vessels	vessel	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 swapped	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 legs	case
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 legs	nmod:poss
8	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 swapped	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 feathers	cc
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 feathers	nmod:poss
11	waterproof	waterproof	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 feathers	amod
12	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 legs	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swap	past	Heat			Heat's legs and Heat's waterproof feathers		between blood vessels	vn substitute-13.6.2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Ducks keep warm by quacking loudly and flapping their wings all night on the ice

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ducks	duck	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 keep	nsubj
2	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 keep	xcomp
4	by	by	SCONJ	_	5 quacking	mark
5	quacking	quack	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 keep	advcl
6	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	5 quacking	advmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 flapping	cc
8	flapping	flap	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 quacking	conj
9	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 wings	nmod:poss
10	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 flapping	obj
11	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	12 night	det
12	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 quacking	obl:unmarked
13	on	on	ADP	_	15 ice	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 ice	det
15	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 quacking	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	Ducks					warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	quack	gerund	Ducks not said here			the ice	night	loudly property	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	flap	gerund	Ducks not said here	Ducks's wings					vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wing=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths/t12/