Exam question 1 · Foxes and squirrels

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the taxonomic position and habits of the red fox?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: taxonomic position

This is exam question 1 of lesson 215 «Foxes and squirrels» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 position	det
10	taxonomic	taxonomic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 position	amod
11	position	position	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 habits	cc
13	habits	habit	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 position	conj
14	of	of	ADP	_	17 fox	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 fox	det
16	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 fox	amod
17	fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 habits	nmod
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the taxonomic position and habits of the red fox				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It belongs to the cat family and hunts in packs, in the manner of the lion upon the plains

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 belongs	nsubj
2	belongs	belong	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	6 family	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 family	det
5	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 family	compound
6	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 belongs	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 hunts	cc
8	hunts	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 belongs	conj
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 packs	case
10	packs	pack	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 hunts	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 manner	punct
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 manner	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 manner	det
14	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 belongs	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 lion	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 lion	det
17	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 manner	nmod
18	upon	upon	ADP	_	20 plains	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 plains	det
20	plains	plain	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 belongs	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	belong	present	It			the manner of the lion		to the cat family; upon the plains	vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme
2	hunt	present				packs			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in pack=Location

Option 2

It is a rodent which subsists upon nuts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 rodent	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 rodent	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 rodent	det
4	rodent	rodent	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 subsists	nsubj
6	subsists	subsist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 rodent	acl:relcl
7	upon	upon	ADP	_	8 nuts	case
8	nuts	nut	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 subsists	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a rodent					tree rules
2	subsist	present	a rodent					upon nuts	vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It is a bear of diminutive size

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 bear	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bear	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 bear	det
4	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 size	case
6	diminutive	diminutive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 size	amod
7	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bear	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a bear				of diminutive size	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It belongs to the dog family, yet hunts alone and climbs in the manner of a cat

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 belongs	nsubj
2	belongs	belong	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	6 family	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 family	det
5	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 family	compound
6	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 belongs	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 hunts	punct
8	yet	yet	CCONJ	_	9 hunts	cc
9	hunts	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 belongs	conj
10	alone	alone	ADV	_	9 hunts	advmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 climbs	cc
12	climbs	climb	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 belongs	conj
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 manner	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 manner	det
15	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 climbs	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 cat	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 cat	det
18	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 manner	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	belong	present	It		to the dog family	vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme
2	hunt	present			alone property	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	climb	present		the manner of a cat		vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in manner=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/e1/