Exam question 2 · Bees and wasps in the garden

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the consequence of stinging for the honeybee worker?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: consequence · What happens: follow, characteris, sting · To what, where: consequence

This is exam question 2 of lesson 218 «Bees and wasps in the garden» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 consequence	det
10	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	SCONJ	_	12 stinging	mark
12	stinging	sting	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 consequence	acl
13	for	for	ADP	_	16 worker	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 worker	det
15	honeybee	honeybee	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 worker	compound
16	worker	worker	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 stinging	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the consequence	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	sting	gerund	the consequence not said here		for the honeybee worker	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The insect is subsequently expelled from the colony by the queen as a punishment

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 insect	det
2	insect	insect	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 expelled	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 expelled	aux:pass
4	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	_	5 expelled	advmod
5	expelled	expel	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 colony	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 colony	det
8	colony	colony	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 expelled	obl
9	by	by	ADP	_	11 queen	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 queen	det
11	queen	queen	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 expelled	obl
12	as	as	ADP	_	14 punishment	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 punishment	det
14	punishment	punishment	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 expelled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	expel	present · passive	the queen	the insect		the colony		as a punishment; subsequently property	vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent subject=Theme from colony=Source

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The barbed sting remains lodged in the skin and the insect usually perishes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 remains	det
2	barbed	barbed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 remains	amod
3	sting	sting	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 remains	compound
4	remains	remains	NOUN	Number=Ptan	5 lodged	nsubj
5	lodged	lodge	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 skin	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 skin	det
8	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lodged	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 perishes	cc
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 insect	det
11	insect	insect	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 perishes	nsubj
12	usually	usually	ADV	_	13 perishes	advmod
13	perishes	perish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 lodged	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lodge	past	the barbed sting remains			the skin			vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in skin=Location
2	perish	present	the insect					usually property	vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

The insect invariably survives and stings repeatedly thereafter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 insect	det
2	insect	insect	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 survives	nsubj
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	4 survives	advmod
4	survives	survive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 stings	cc
6	stings	sting	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 survives	conj
7	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV	_	6 stings	advmod
8	thereafter	thereafter	ADV	_	6 stings	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	survive	present	the insect					invariably property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	sting	present	the insect not said here					repeatedly, thereafter property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4

The sting is regrown within a period of one day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sting	det
2	sting	sting	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 regrown	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 regrown	aux:pass
4	regrown	regrow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	within	within	ADP	_	7 period	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 period	det
7	period	period	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 regrown	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 day	case
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 day	nummod
10	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 period	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	regrow	present · passive		the sting				within a period of one day	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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