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Test 2 · ★ · Butterflies, moths and ladybirds

In a famous picture book a hungry caterpillar builds a cocoon before it becomes a butterfly. What is more accurate?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: hungry caterpillar, caterpillar · What happens: build, become, be · To what, where: cocoon, famous picture book, butterfly

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 219 «Butterflies, moths and ladybirds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a famous picture book a hungry caterpillar builds a cocoon before it becomes a butterfly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	5 book	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 book	det
3	famous	famous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 book	amod
4	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 book	compound
5	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 builds	obl
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 caterpillar	det
7	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 caterpillar	amod
8	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 builds	nsubj
9	builds	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 cocoon	det
11	cocoon	cocoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 builds	obj
12	before	before	SCONJ	_	14 becomes	mark
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 becomes	nsubj
14	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 builds	advcl
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 butterfly	det
16	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 becomes	xcomp
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 builds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	present	a hungry caterpillar	a cocoon		a famous picture book			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cocoon=Product
2	become	present	caterpillar	a butterfly					vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is more accurate?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 accurate	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 accurate	cop
3	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 accurate	advmod
4	accurate	accurate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 accurate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						accurate property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A butterfly caterpillar grows wings while still eating leaves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 caterpillar	det
2	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caterpillar	compound
3	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 grows	nsubj
4	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 grows	obj
6	while	while	SCONJ	_	8 eating	mark
7	still	still	ADV	_	8 eating	advmod
8	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 grows	advcl
9	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 eating	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	a butterfly caterpillar	wings					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wing=Theme
2	eat	gerund	a butterfly caterpillar not said here	leaves			still		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient

Option 2

A butterfly caterpillar lays an egg that hatches into a butterfly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 caterpillar	det
2	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caterpillar	compound
3	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lays	nsubj
4	lays	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 egg	det
6	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lays	obj
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 hatches	nsubj
8	hatches	hatch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 egg	acl:relcl
9	into	into	ADP	_	11 butterfly	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 butterfly	det
11	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hatches	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lay	present	a butterfly caterpillar	a egg					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result
2	hatch	present	a egg					into a butterfly	vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient into butterfly=Product

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

A butterfly caterpillar makes a chrysalis; cocoons are mostly made by moths

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 caterpillar	det
2	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caterpillar	compound
3	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 makes	nsubj
4	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 chrysalis	det
6	chrysalis	chrysalis	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 makes	obj
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 made	punct
8	cocoons	cocoon	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 made	nsubj:pass
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 made	aux:pass
10	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	11 made	advmod
11	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 makes	conj
12	by	by	ADP	_	13 moths	case
13	moths	moth	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	a butterfly caterpillar	a chrysalis					vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chrysalis=Product
2	make	present · passive	moths	cocoons				mostly property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product

Option 4

A butterfly caterpillar turns into a moth first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 caterpillar	det
2	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caterpillar	compound
3	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 turns	nsubj
4	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 moth	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 moth	det
7	moth	moth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 turns	obl
8	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 turns	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	a butterfly caterpillar			a moth		first property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into moth=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds/t2/