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Test 6 · ★ · Butterflies, moths and ladybirds

A bird bites a ladybird once and spits it out. What will the bird probably do next time it sees red and black spots?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: bird · What happens: bite, spit out, do, see · To what, where: ladybird, bird, red spots

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 219 «Butterflies, moths and ladybirds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A bird bites a ladybird once and spits it out.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 bird	det
2	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bites	nsubj
3	bites	bite	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 ladybird	det
5	ladybird	ladybird	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bites	obj
6	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	3 bites	advmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 spits	cc
8	spits	spit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 bites	conj
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 spits	obj
10	out	out	ADP	_	8 spits	compound:prt
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 bites	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bite	present	a bird	a ladybird				once property	vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ladybird=Patient
2	spit out	present	a bird not said here	ladybird					vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What will the bird probably do next time it sees red and black spots?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 do	obj
2	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 do	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 bird	det
4	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 do	obl
5	probably	probably	ADV	_	6 do	advmod
6	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 sees	advcl
7	next	next	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 time	amod
8	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sees	obl:unmarked
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 sees	nsubj
10	sees	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 spots	amod
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 black	cc
13	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 red	conj
14	spots	spot	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 sees	obj
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	10 sees	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	future	bird not said here	the bird				probably property	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality
2	see	present	bird	red spots			time		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer spot=Stimulus

The options

Option 1

Bring it home to its hungry chicks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bring	bring	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Bring	obj
3	home	home	ADV	_	1 Bring	advmod
4	to	to	ADP	_	7 chicks	case
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 chicks	nmod:poss
6	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 chicks	amod
7	chicks	chick	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Bring	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	imperative	you not said here	it	its hungry chicks			home property	vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to chick=Destination

Option 2

Eat two ladybirds at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 ladybirds	nummod
3	ladybirds	ladybird	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Eat	obj
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 once	case
5	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	1 Eat	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	imperative	you not said here	two ladybirds					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ladybird=Patient

Option 3

Peck it harder to get the juice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Peck	peck	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 harder	nsubj
3	harder	hard	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	1 Peck	ccomp
4	to	to	PART	_	5 get	mark
5	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Peck	advcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 juice	det
7	juice	juice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 get	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	peck	imperative	you not said here						vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	get	to-infinitive	you not said here	the juice					vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer juice=Stimulus

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Leave the ladybird alone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Leave	leave	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 ladybird	det
3	ladybird	ladybird	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Leave	obj
4	alone	alone	ADV	_	1 Leave	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	imperative	you not said here	the ladybird				alone property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ladybird=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds/t6/