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Test 9 · ★ · Butterflies, moths and ladybirds

In a cartoon a moth flies at a lamp because it wants to eat the light. What is true?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: moth · What happens: fly, want, eat, be · To what, where: cartoon, light

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 219 «Butterflies, moths and ladybirds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a moth flies at a lamp because it wants to eat the light.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 flies	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 moth	det
5	moth	moth	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 flies	nsubj
6	flies	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 lamp	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 lamp	det
9	lamp	lamp	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 flies	obl
10	because	because	SCONJ	_	12 wants	mark
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 wants	nsubj
12	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 flies	advcl
13	to	to	PART	_	14 eat	mark
14	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 wants	xcomp
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 light	det
16	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 eat	obj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 flies	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	present	a moth			a cartoon		at a lamp	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Location
2	want	present	moth						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	eat not said to happen	to-infinitive	moth not said here	the light					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Real moths get confused and keep their backs to the light

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 moths	amod
2	moths	moth	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 get	nsubj
3	get	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	confused	confused	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 get	xcomp
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 keep	cc
6	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 get	conj
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 backs	nmod:poss
8	backs	back	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 keep	obj
9	to	to	ADP	_	11 light	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 light	det
11	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 keep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	present	Real moths					confused property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
2	keep	infinitive	Real moths not said here	moths's backs				to the light	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent back=Theme

Option 2

Real moths think lamps are big flowers full of sweet nectar

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 moths	amod
2	moths	moth	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 think	nsubj
3	think	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	lamps	lamp	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 flowers	nsubj
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 flowers	cop
6	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 flowers	amod
7	flowers	flower	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 think	ccomp
8	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 flowers	amod
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 nectar	case
10	sweet	sweet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 nectar	amod
11	nectar	nectar	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 full	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	present	Real moths						vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	lamps	big flowers					tree rules

Option 3

Real moths fly at lamps to lay eggs on them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 moths	amod
2	moths	moth	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fly	nsubj
3	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 lamps	case
5	lamps	lamp	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fly	obl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 lay	mark
7	lay	lay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 fly	advcl
8	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 lay	obj
9	on	on	ADP	_	10 them	case
10	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 lay	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	present	Real moths			lamps			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at lamp=Location
2	lay	to-infinitive	Real moths not said here	eggs				on moths = moth	vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme on they=Destination

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Real moths do eat light to make energy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 moths	amod
2	moths	moth	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 eat	nsubj
3	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 eat	aux
4	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 eat	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 make	mark
7	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 eat	advcl
8	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 make	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present · do-support	Real moths	light					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Patient
2	make	to-infinitive	Real moths not said here	energy					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset energy=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds/t9/