Exam question 2 · Spiders and other minibeasts under logs and stones

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the claim that persons ingest spiders during sleep?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: claim

This is exam question 2 of lesson 220 «Spiders and other minibeasts under logs and stones» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 claim	det
10	claim	claim	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	that	that	SCONJ	_	12 persons	mark
12	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 claim	conj
13	ingest	ing	ADJ	Degree=Sup	14 spiders	amod
14	spiders	spider	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 persons	conj
15	during	during	ADP	_	16 sleep	case
16	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 persons	nmod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the claim and persons during sleep and ingest spiders				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is a myth unsupported by evidence, as spiders avoid sleeping persons

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 myth	expl
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 myth	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 myth	det
4	myth	myth	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	unsupported	unsupport	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 myth	acl
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 evidence	case
7	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 unsupported	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 avoid	punct
9	as	as	SCONJ	_	11 avoid	mark
10	spiders	spider	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 avoid	nsubj
11	avoid	avoid	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 myth	parataxis
12	sleeping	sleep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 persons	amod
13	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 avoid	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present		a myth		tree rules
2	unsupport	participle		a myth not said here	by evidence	tree rules
3	avoid	present	spiders	sleeping persons		vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent person=Location
4	sleep	gerund				vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

It occurs exclusively during the autumn months

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 occurs	nsubj
2	occurs	occur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	2 occurs	advmod
4	during	during	ADP	_	7 months	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 months	det
6	autumn	autumn	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 months	compound
7	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 occurs	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occur	present	It				month	exclusively property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

It is an established fact, the figure being eight spiders annually

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 fact	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fact	cop
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 fact	det
4	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 fact	amod
5	fact	fact	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 spiders	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 figure	det
8	figure	figure	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 spiders	nsubj
9	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 spiders	cop
10	eight	eight	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 spiders	nummod
11	spiders	spider	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 fact	nmod
12	annually	annually	ADV	_	11 spiders	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
2	is a	present	It	a established fact		tree rules
3	is a	gerund	the figure	eight spiders	annually property	tree rules

Option 4

It occurs only in dwellings situated near woodland

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 occurs	nsubj
2	occurs	occur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 dwellings	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 dwellings	case
5	dwellings	dwelling	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 occurs	obj
6	situated	situate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 dwellings	acl
7	near	near	ADP	_	8 woodland	case
8	woodland	woodland	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 situated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occur	present	It	dwellings					tree rules
2	situate	participle		dwellings not said here		woodland			vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent near woodland=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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