Test 1 · ★ · Gulls: chip thieves, rain dances and salty water

«gull just nicked my chips right outta my hand, cheeky sod» What explains this?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: gull · What happens: nick, explain · To what, where: chips, this · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 223 «Gulls: chip thieves, rain dances and salty water» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 nicked	punct
2	gull	gull	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 nicked	nsubj
3	just	just	ADV	_	4 nicked	advmod
4	nicked	nick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 explains	ccomp
5	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 chips	nmod:poss
6	chips	chip	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 nicked	obj
7	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 outta	amod
8	outta	outta	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 nicked	obj
9	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 hand	nmod:poss
10	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 nicked	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 sod	punct
12	cheeky	cheeky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sod	amod
13	sod	sod	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 hand	conj
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 nicked	punct
15	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	16 explains	nsubj
16	explains	explain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
17	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	16 explains	obj
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	16 explains	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	nick in a quote	past	gull	my chips					tree rules
2	explain speech: assert	present		this					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The gull was trying to save the child from salt

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 gull	det
2	gull	gull	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 trying	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 trying	aux
4	trying	try	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 save	mark
6	save	save	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 trying	xcomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 child	det
8	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 save	obj
9	from	from	ADP	_	10 salt	case
10	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 save	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	try	past · progressive	the gull						vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	save not said to happen	to-infinitive	the gull not said here	the child		salt			vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent child=Theme from salt=Source

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Gulls are bold and learn that people carry food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gulls	gull	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 bold	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 bold	cop
3	bold	bold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 learn	cc
5	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 bold	conj
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 carry	mark
7	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 carry	nsubj
8	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 learn	ccomp
9	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 carry	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Gulls		bold property	tree rules
2	learn	present	Gulls not said here			vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	carry	present	people	food		vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme

Option 3

Gulls are always starving at the seaside

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gulls	gull	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 starving	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 starving	aux
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 starving	advmod
4	starving	starve	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 seaside	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 seaside	det
7	seaside	seaside	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 starving	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	starve	present · progressive	Gulls			the seaside		always property	tree rules

Option 4

Gulls only steal on Sundays

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gulls	gull	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 steal	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 steal	advmod
3	steal	steal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 Sundays	case
5	Sundays	Sunday	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 steal	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	steal	present	Gulls				sunday		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/223-gulls-chip-thieves-rain-dances-and-salty-water/t1/