Test 9 · ★ · Raccoons, opossums and skunks

«saw a raccoon in a German forest, did it escape from a zoo or what»

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: raccoon · What happens: see, escape · To what, where: raccoon, German forest, zoo · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 224 «Raccoons, opossums and skunks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 saw	punct
2	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 raccoon	det
4	raccoon	raccoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 saw	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 forest	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 forest	det
7	German	German	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 forest	amod
8	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 saw	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 escape	punct
10	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 escape	aux
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 escape	nsubj
12	escape	escape	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 saw	ccomp
13	from	from	ADP	_	15 zoo	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 zoo	det
15	zoo	zoo	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 escape	obl
16	or	or	CCONJ	_	17 what	cc
17	what	what	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 zoo	conj
18	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 escape	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see in a quote	past		a raccoon		a German forest			tree rules
2	escape in a quote	past · do-support	raccoon			a zoo			vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from zoo=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Raccoons brought to Europe escaped and now live wild there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Raccoons	raccoon	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 brought	nsubj
2	brought	bring	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 Europe	case
4	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 brought	obl
5	escaped	escape	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 brought	conj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 live	cc
7	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	8 live	advmod
8	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 brought	conj
9	wild	wild	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 live	obj
10	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	8 live	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	roles by
1	bring	past	Raccoons		Europe			vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to europe=Destination
2	escape	past	Raccoons not said here					vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	live	present	Raccoons not said here	wild		there	now	vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme wild=Location

Option 2

It must have been a badger

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 been	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 been	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 been	aux
4	been	be	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 badger	det
6	badger	badger	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 been	nsubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	must · perfect	It						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Raccoons have always lived in Germany

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Raccoons	raccoon	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lived	nsubj
2	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 lived	aux
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 lived	advmod
4	lived	live	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 Germany	case
6	Germany	Germany	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 lived	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present · perfect	Raccoons			Germany		always property	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in germany=Location

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

It must have escaped from a zoo that very same day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 escaped	nsubj:pass
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 escaped	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 escaped	aux
4	escaped	escape	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 zoo	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 zoo	det
7	zoo	zoo	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 escaped	obl
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 day	nsubj
9	very	very	ADV	_	10 same	advmod
10	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 day	amod
11	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 zoo	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	escape	must · perfect · passive		It		a zoo			vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Initial_Location
2	day		a zoo						tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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