Exam question 1 · Electric senses: electric eels, sharks, the platypus bill…

Identify the principal function of the ampullae of Lorenzini in sharks.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify · To what, where: principal function, sharks

This is exam question 1 of lesson 231 «Electric senses: electric eels, sharks, the platypus bill and charged bees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 function	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 function	amod
4	function	function	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 ampullae	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ampullae	det
7	ampullae	ampulla	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 function	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 Lorenzini	case
9	Lorenzini	Lorenzini	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 ampullae	nmod
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 sharks	case
11	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Identify	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal function of the ampullae of Lorenzini		sharks			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The regulation of the temperature of the blood

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 regulation	det
2	regulation	regulation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 temperature	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 temperature	det
5	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 regulation	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 blood	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 blood	det
8	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 temperature	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	regulate			the temperature of the blood					nom regulation «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

The reception of airborne sound

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 reception	det
2	reception	reception	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 sound	case
4	airborne	airborne	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 sound	amod
5	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reception	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	receive			airborne sound					nom reception «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

The production of electric discharges of sufficient strength to stun prey

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 production	det
2	production	production	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 discharges	case
4	electric	electric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 discharges	amod
5	discharges	discharge	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 production	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 strength	case
7	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 strength	amod
8	strength	strength	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 discharges	nmod
9	to	to	PART	_	10 stun	mark
10	stun	stun	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 strength	acl
11	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 stun	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	stun	to-infinitive	prey	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus prey=Experiencer
2	produce		electric discharges of sufficient strength	nom production «act transitive»: of=patient
3	discharge		sufficient strength	nom discharge «event transitive»: of=patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The detection of weak electric fields produced by other organisms

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 detection	det
2	detection	detection	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 fields	case
4	weak	weak	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 fields	amod
5	electric	electric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 fields	amod
6	fields	field	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 detection	nmod
7	produced	produce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 fields	acl
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 organisms	case
9	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 organisms	amod
10	organisms	organism	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 produced	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	produce	participle		weak electric fields not said here				by other organisms	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	detect			weak electric fields					nom detection «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees/e1/