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Test 1 · ★★ · Animal minds: elephants' memory, feelings and the mouse myth

A cartoon elephant leaps onto a chair, screaming at a mouse. What would a real elephant probably do?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: cartoon elephant, real elephant · What happens: leap, scream, do · To what, where: chair

This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 236 «Animal minds: elephants' memory, feelings and the mouse myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A cartoon elephant leaps onto a chair, screaming at a mouse.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 elephant	det
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 elephant	compound
3	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 leaps	nsubj
4	leaps	leap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	onto	onto	ADP	_	7 chair	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 chair	det
7	chair	chair	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 leaps	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 screaming	punct
9	screaming	scream	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 leaps	advcl
10	at	at	ADP	_	12 mouse	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 mouse	det
12	mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 screaming	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 leaps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leap	present	a cartoon elephant			a chair			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme onto chair=Trajectory
2	scream speech: express	gerund	a cartoon elephant not said here					at a mouse	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at mouse=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would a real elephant probably do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	7 do	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 do	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 elephant	det
4	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 elephant	amod
5	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 do	nsubj
6	probably	probably	ADV	_	7 do	advmod
7	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	would	a real elephant					probably property	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

Faint at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Faint	faint	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	at	at	ADP	_	3 once	case
3	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	1 Faint	obl

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Climb a tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Climb	climb	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 tree	det
3	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Climb	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	climb	imperative	you not said here	a tree					vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location tree=Theme

Option 3

Run for miles across the plain, trumpeting in terror and never come back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Run	run	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	for	for	ADP	_	3 miles	case
3	miles	mile	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Run	obl
4	across	across	ADP	_	6 plain	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 plain	det
6	plain	plain	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Run	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 trumpeting	punct
8	trumpeting	trumpet	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Run	advcl
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 terror	case
10	terror	terror	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 trumpeting	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 come	cc
12	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	13 come	advmod
13	come	come	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Run	conj
14	back	back	ADV	_	13 come	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	imperative	you not said here			the plain		for miles	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across plain=Trajectory
2	trumpet	gerund	you not said here			terror			vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in terror=Location
3	not come back	infinitive	you not said here						vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Maybe step around it or be briefly startled, as by anything sudden

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Maybe	maybe	ADV	_	2 step	advmod
2	step	step	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 startled	nsubj:pass
3	around	around	ADP	_	4 it	case
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 step	nmod
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 startled	cc
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 startled	aux:pass
7	briefly	briefly	ADV	_	8 startled	advmod
8	startled	startle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 anything	punct
10	as	as	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	12 anything	case
11	by	by	ADP	_	10 as	fixed
12	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	8 startled	obj
13	sudden	sudden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 anything	amod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	startle	infinitive · passive		step around it				briefly property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer anything=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/236-animal-minds-elephants-memory-feelings-and-the-mouse-myth/t1/