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Test 10 · ★★ · Animal minds: elephants' memory, feelings and the mouse myth

A zoo elephant cannot reach fruit on a high branch. A box lies nearby. What did one zoo elephant do?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: zoo elephant, box, one zoo elephant · What happens: not reach, lie, do · To what, where: fruit, high branch

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 236 «Animal minds: elephants' memory, feelings and the mouse myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A zoo elephant cannot reach fruit on a high branch.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 elephant	det
2	zoo	zoo	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 elephant	compound
3	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 reach	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 reach	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 reach	advmod
6	reach	reach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 reach	obj
8	on	on	ADP	_	11 branch	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 branch	det
10	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 branch	amod
11	branch	branch	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 reach	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 reach	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not reach	can	a zoo elephant	fruit		a high branch			vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent fruit=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: A box lies nearby.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 box	det
2	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lies	nsubj
3	lies	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	nearby	nearby	ADV	_	3 lies	advmod
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 lies	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lie	present	a box					nearby property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Sentence 3: What did one zoo elephant do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 do	obj
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 do	aux
3	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 elephant	nummod
4	zoo	zoo	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 elephant	compound
5	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 do	nsubj
6	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past · do-support	one zoo elephant						vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

Gave up and slept

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	up	up	ADP	_	1 Gave	compound:prt
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 slept	cc
4	slept	sleep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Gave	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give up	past							vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	sleep	participle							vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Threw the box at the tree until all the fruit came down

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Threw	throw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 box	det
3	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Threw	obj
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 tree	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 tree	det
6	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Threw	obl
7	until	until	SCONJ	_	11 came	mark
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 fruit	det:predet
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 fruit	det
10	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 came	nsubj
11	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Threw	advcl
12	down	down	ADV	_	11 came	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	throw	past		the box		the tree			vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent box=Theme at tree=Destination
2	come down	past	all fruit					down property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Waited for the fruit to fall

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Waited	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	for	for	ADP	_	4 fruit	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 fruit	det
4	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Waited	obl
5	to	to	PART	_	6 fall	mark
6	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Waited	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	past						for the fruit	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	fall	to-infinitive							vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Pushed the box under the branch and stood on it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pushed	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 box	det
3	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Pushed	obj
4	under	under	ADP	_	6 branch	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 branch	det
6	branch	branch	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Pushed	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 stood	cc
8	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Pushed	conj
9	on	on	ADP	_	10 it	case
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 stood	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push	past		the box		the branch			vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent box=Theme under branch=Trajectory
2	stand	past				branch			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on it=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/236-animal-minds-elephants-memory-feelings-and-the-mouse-myth/t10/