Test 3 · ★★ · Animal minds: elephants' memory, feelings and the mouse myth

What would happen if the matriarch of a herd were killed by poachers before a drought?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: poachers · What happens: happen, kill · To what, where: matriarch

This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 236 «Animal minds: elephants' memory, feelings and the mouse myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	11 killed	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 matriarch	det
6	matriarch	matriarch	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 killed	nsubj:pass
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 herd	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 herd	det
9	herd	herd	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 matriarch	nmod
10	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 killed	aux:pass
11	killed	kill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 happen	advcl
12	by	by	ADP	_	13 poachers	case
13	poachers	poacher	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 killed	obl
14	before	before	ADP	_	16 drought	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 drought	det
16	drought	drought	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 killed	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	kill a condition, not said to happen	past · passive	poachers	the matriarch of a herd			before a drought		vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The calves would lead better

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 calves	det
2	calves	calf	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lead	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 lead	aux
4	lead	lead	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	better	well	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 lead	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lead	would	the calves					well property	vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The herd might not know where the old water holes are

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 herd	det
2	herd	herd	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 know	nsubj
3	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 know	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 know	advmod
5	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	5 know	ccomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 holes	det
8	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 holes	amod
9	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 holes	compound
10	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 where	nsubj
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 where	cop

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not know	might	the herd						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	is	present	the old water holes					where property	tree rules

Option 3

The herd would get faster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 herd	det
2	herd	herd	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 get	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 get	aux
4	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	faster	fast	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 get	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	would	the herd					fast property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4

Nothing, because every elephant in the herd already knows the way

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	10 knows	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 elephant	punct
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	5 elephant	mark
4	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	5 elephant	det
5	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Nothing	appos
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 herd	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 herd	det
8	herd	herd	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 elephant	nmod
9	already	already	ADV	_	10 knows	advmod
10	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 way	det
12	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 knows	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	present	Nothing	the way					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer way=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/236-animal-minds-elephants-memory-feelings-and-the-mouse-myth/t3/