Test 5 · ★★ · Animal minds: what dogs and cats feel and understand (and…
A cartoon cat falls off a roof, lands on its feet and walks away fine. What is the real picture?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: cartoon cat, real picture · What happens: fall off, land, walk away, be · To what, where: roof, feet
This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 237 «Animal minds: what dogs and cats feel and understand (and do cats really chase mice?)» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A cartoon cat falls off a roof, lands on its feet and walks away fine.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 cat | det |
| 2 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 cat | compound |
| 3 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 falls | nsubj |
| 4 | falls | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | off | off | ADP | _ | 4 falls | compound:prt |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 roof | det |
| 7 | roof | roof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 falls | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 lands | punct |
| 9 | lands | land | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 falls | parataxis |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 feet | case |
| 11 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 feet | nmod:poss |
| 12 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 lands | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 walks | cc |
| 14 | walks | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 lands | conj |
| 15 | away | away | ADV | _ | 14 walks | advmod |
| 16 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 walks | xcomp |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 falls | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall off | present | a cartoon cat | a roof | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient roof=Extent | ||||
| 2 | land | present | cat's feet | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on foot=Destination | |||||
| 3 | walk away | present | away, fine property | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is the real picture?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 What | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 picture | det |
| 4 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 picture | amod |
| 5 | picture | picture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 What | nsubj |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 What | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the real picture | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Cats can fly a little
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 fly | nsubj |
| 2 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 fly | aux |
| 3 | fly | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 little | det |
| 5 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 fly | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fly | can | Cats | a little | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location little=Theme |
Option 2
Cats always land on their backs
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 land | nsubj |
| 2 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 3 land | advmod |
| 3 | land | land | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 backs | case |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 backs | nmod:poss |
| 6 | backs | back | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 land | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | land | present | Cats | Cats's backs | always property | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on back=Destination |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Cats twist feet-down, but falls can still hurt them badly
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 twist | nsubj |
| 2 | twist | twist | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 down | obl |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 down | punct |
| 5 | down | down | ADV | _ | 2 twist | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 hurt | punct |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 hurt | cc |
| 8 | falls | fall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 hurt | nsubj |
| 9 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 hurt | aux |
| 10 | still | still | ADV | _ | 11 hurt | advmod |
| 11 | hurt | hurt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 twist | advcl |
| 12 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 hurt | obj |
| 13 | badly | badly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 11 hurt | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | twist | present | Cats | down property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hurt | can | falls | Cats = cat | still | badly property | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Patient |
Option 4
Cats can never get hurt by falling, from any height at all
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 hurt | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 hurt | aux |
| 3 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 5 hurt | advmod |
| 4 | get | get | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 hurt | aux:pass |
| 5 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 7 falling | mark |
| 7 | falling | fall | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 hurt | advcl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 height | punct |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 11 height | case |
| 10 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 11 height | det |
| 11 | height | height | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 falling | obl |
| 12 | at | at | ADP | _ | 13 all | case |
| 13 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 height | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not hurt | can · passive | Cats | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | fall | gerund | any height at all | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from height=Initial_Location |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/237-animal-minds-what-dogs-and-cats-feel-and-understand-and-do-cats-really-chase-mice/t5/