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Test 7 · ★★ · Animal minds: what dogs and cats feel and understand (and…

A friend says a purring cat is always happy. What is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: friend, purring cat · What happens: say, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 237 «Animal minds: what dogs and cats feel and understand (and do cats really chase mice?)» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A friend says a purring cat is always happy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 friend	det
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 cat	det
5	purring	purring	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cat	compound
6	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 happy	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 happy	cop
8	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	9 happy	advmod
9	happy	happy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 says	ccomp
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a friend						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	a purring cat					always, happy property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Nothing, purring only ever means happy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	6 means	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 purring	punct
3	purring	purr	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Nothing	conj
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 ever	advmod
5	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	3 purring	advmod
6	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	happy	happy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 means	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	purr	gerund	Nothing not said here				ever		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	mean	present	Nothing					happy property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Cats also purr when hurt or stressed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 purr	nsubj
2	also	also	ADV	_	3 purr	advmod
3	purr	purr	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	5 hurt	advmod
5	hurt	hurt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 purr	advcl
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 stressed	cc
7	stressed	stress	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 hurt	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	purr	present	Cats						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	hurt	participle	Cats not said here						vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
3	stress	participle	Cats not said here						vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3

Only kittens purr, never grown-up cats

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	2 kittens	advmod
2	kittens	kitten	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 purr	nsubj
3	purr	purr	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 cats	punct
5	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	9 cats	advmod
6	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 cats	amod
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 up	punct
8	up	up	ADP	_	6 grown	compound:prt
9	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 purr	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	purr	present	kittens	grown cats					vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	grow up	participle							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Cats purr only when they are angry with you

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 purr	nsubj
2	purr	purr	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	7 angry	advmod
4	when	when	SCONJ	_	7 angry	mark
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 angry	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 angry	cop
7	angry	angry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 purr	advcl
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 you	case
9	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 angry	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	purr	present	Cats						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	Cats = cat					with you; angry property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/237-animal-minds-what-dogs-and-cats-feel-and-understand-and-do-cats-really-chase-mice/t7/