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Test 4 · ★★ · Ants: colonies, queens, farmers and living bridges

A friend lifts a paving stone and sees white eggs and grubs. Which is true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: friend · What happens: lift, see, be · To what, where: paving stone, white eggs

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 238 «Ants: colonies, queens, farmers and living bridges» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A friend lifts a paving stone and sees white eggs and grubs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 friend	det
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lifts	nsubj
3	lifts	lift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 stone	det
5	paving	paving	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stone	compound
6	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lifts	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 sees	cc
8	sees	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lifts	conj
9	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 eggs	amod
10	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 sees	obj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 grubs	cc
12	grubs	grub	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 eggs	conj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 lifts	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lift	present	a friend	a paving stone					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme
2	see	present	a friend not said here	white eggs and grubs					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer egg=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The grubs are a different kind of insect

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 grubs	det
2	grubs	grub	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 kind	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 kind	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 kind	det
5	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 kind	amod
6	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 insect	case
8	insect	insect	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kind	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the grubs	a different kind				of insect	tree rules

Option 2

The eggs belong to the male ants

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 eggs	det
2	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 belong	nsubj
3	belong	belong	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	7 ants	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ants	det
6	male	male	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 ants	compound
7	ants	ant	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 belong	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	belong	present	the eggs					to the male ants	vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme

Option 3

The grubs are dead ants

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 grubs	det
2	grubs	grub	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 ants	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 ants	cop
4	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 ants	amod
5	ants	ant	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the grubs	dead ants					tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Workers care for the queen's young there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 care	nsubj
2	care	care	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	7 young	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 queen	det
5	queen	queen	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 young	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 queen	case
7	young	young	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 care	obl
8	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 care	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	care	present	Workers			there		for the queen's young	vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent for young=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/238-ants-colonies-queens-farmers-and-living-bridges/t4/