Exam question 2 · Bees: the waggle dance, the hive and honey

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the death of a honeybee subsequent to stinging a human being?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: honeybee subsequent · What happens: follow, characteris, sting, be, die · To what, where: death

This is exam question 2 of lesson 239 «Bees: the waggle dance, the hive and honey» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 death	det
10	death	death	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	14 subsequent	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 subsequent	det
13	honeybee	honeybee	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 subsequent	compound
14	subsequent	subsequent	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 death	nmod
15	to	to	SCONJ	_	16 stinging	mark
16	stinging	sting	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 characterises	advcl
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 being	det
18	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 being	amod
19	being	be	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 stinging	conj
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the death of a honeybee subsequent	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	sting	gerund				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
4	be	gerund				vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	die		a honeybee subsequent			nom death «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The bee dies of fright

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bee	det
2	bee	bee	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 dies	nsubj
3	dies	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 fright	case
5	fright	fright	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 dies	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	die	present	the bee					of fright	vn die-42.4-1 «NP V PP.cause»: agent=Patient of fright=Causer

Option 2

The bee is incapable of withdrawing its legs from the skin of the person stung

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bee	det
2	bee	bee	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 incapable	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 incapable	cop
4	incapable	incapable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 withdrawing	mark
6	withdrawing	withdraw	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 incapable	advcl
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 legs	nmod:poss
8	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 withdrawing	obj
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 skin	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 skin	det
11	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 withdrawing	obl
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 person	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 person	det
14	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 skin	nmod
15	stung	sting	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 person	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	the bee			incapable property	tree rules
2	withdraw	gerund	the bee not said here	bee's legs	the skin of the person		vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent leg=Theme from skin=Initial_Location
3	sting	participle		the person not said here			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3

The venom of the bee is fatal to the bee itself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 venom	det
2	venom	venom	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fatal	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 bee	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 bee	det
5	bee	bee	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 venom	nmod
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 fatal	cop
7	fatal	fatal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 bee	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 bee	det
10	bee	bee	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fatal	obl
11	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	10 bee	nmod:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the venom of the bee					to the bee venom; fatal property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The barbed sting becomes lodged in the skin and is torn from the bee

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 sting	det
2	barbed	barbed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sting	amod
3	sting	sting	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lodged	nsubj:pass
4	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 lodged	aux:pass
5	lodged	lodge	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 skin	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 skin	det
8	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lodged	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 torn	cc
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 torn	aux:pass
11	torn	tear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 lodged	conj
12	from	from	ADP	_	14 bee	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 bee	det
14	bee	bee	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 torn	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lodge	present · passive		the barbed sting		the skin			vn odge-46-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in skin=Location
2	tear	present · passive						from the bee	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: from bee=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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