Test 5 · ★ · Wolves and dogs

What would happen to the trees by Yellowstone's rivers if the wolves were taken away again?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: happen, take away · To what, where: wolves

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 24 «Wolves and dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 trees	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 trees	det
6	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 happen	obl
7	by	by	ADP	_	10 rivers	case
8	Yellowstone	Yellowstone	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 rivers	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 Yellowstone	case
10	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 happen	obl
11	if	if	SCONJ	_	15 taken	mark
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 wolves	det
13	wolves	wolf	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 taken	nsubj:pass
14	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 taken	aux:pass
15	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 happen	advcl
16	away	away	ADV	_	15 taken	advmod
17	again	again	ADV	_	15 taken	advmod
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would						to the trees; by Yellowstone's rivers	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by river=Location
2	take away a condition, not said to happen	past · passive		the wolves			again	away property	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The trees would grow faster than ever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 trees	det
2	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 grow	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 grow	aux
4	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 grow	advmod
6	than	than	ADP	_	7 ever	case
7	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 grow	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	would	the trees					fast property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

The rivers would freeze over and stay frozen all year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rivers	det
2	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 freeze	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 freeze	aux
4	freeze	freeze	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	over	over	ADV	_	4 freeze	advmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 stay	cc
7	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 freeze	conj
8	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 stay	xcomp
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 year	det
10	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 frozen	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	freeze over	would	the rivers		over property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	stay	infinitive	the rivers not said here			tree rules
3	freeze	participle	the rivers not said here	year		vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

The beavers would eat the elk

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 beavers	det
2	beavers	beaver	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 eat	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 eat	aux
4	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 elk	det
6	elk	elk	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 eat	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	would	the beavers	the elk					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent elk=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Elk would graze them more and fewer would grow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Elk	elk	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 graze	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 graze	aux
3	graze	graze	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 graze	obj
5	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 graze	advmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 grow	cc
7	fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 grow	nsubj
8	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 grow	aux
9	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 graze	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	graze	would	Elk	them = they					vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Experiencer
2	grow	would	fewer						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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