Exam question 3 · Team players and partners: meerkats, naked mole rats, hudd…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the alleged mass suicide of lemmings.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, allege · To what, where: response, alleged mass suicide

This is exam question 3 of lesson 241 «Team players and partners: meerkats, naked mole rats, huddles, cleaners (and do lemmings jump?)» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 suicide	det
11	alleged	allege	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 suicide	amod
12	mass	mass	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 suicide	amod
13	suicide	suicide	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 lemmings	case
15	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 suicide	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the alleged mass suicide of lemmings		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus suicide=Experiencer
4	allege speech: other	participle				vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It occurs solely when food is abundant

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 occurs	nsubj
2	occurs	occur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	solely	solely	ADV	_	2 occurs	advmod
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 abundant	advmod
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 abundant	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 abundant	cop
7	abundant	abundant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 occurs	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occur	present	It					solely property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	food					abundant property	tree rules

Option 2

It is a well-documented annual occurrence, recorded each spring by naturalists in Norway and Sweden

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 occurrence	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 occurrence	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 occurrence	det
4	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 documented	advmod
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 well	punct
6	documented	document	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 occurrence	amod
7	annual	annual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 occurrence	amod
8	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 recorded	punct
10	recorded	record	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 occurrence	acl
11	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	12 spring	det
12	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 recorded	obj
13	by	by	ADP	_	14 naturalists	case
14	naturalists	naturalist	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 recorded	obl
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 Norway	case
16	Norway	Norway	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 naturalists	nmod
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 Sweden	cc
18	Sweden	Sweden	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 Norway	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	document	participle				well property	vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	It	a documented annual occurrence			tree rules
3	record	participle		a documented annual occurrence not said here	spring	by naturalists in Norway and Sweden	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It has been observed exclusively in captivity, never in the wild

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 observed	nsubj:pass
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 observed	aux
3	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 observed	aux:pass
4	observed	observe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	4 observed	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 captivity	case
7	captivity	captivity	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 observed	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 wild	punct
9	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	12 wild	advmod
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 wild	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 wild	det
12	wild	wild	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 observed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	observe	present · perfect · passive		It		captivity		in the wild; exclusively property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The notion is a myth, disseminated by a film in which the animals were deliberately propelled

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 notion	det
2	notion	notion	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 myth	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 myth	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 myth	det
5	myth	myth	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 disseminated	punct
7	disseminated	disseminate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 myth	acl
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 film	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 film	det
10	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 disseminated	obl
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 which	case
12	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 propelled	obl
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 animals	det
14	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 propelled	nsubj:pass
15	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 propelled	aux:pass
16	deliberately	deliberately	ADV	_	17 propelled	advmod
17	propelled	propel	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 film	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the notion	a myth			tree rules
2	disseminate	participle		a myth not said here		by a film	vn contribute-13.2-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent
3	propel	past · passive		the animals	a film	deliberately property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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