Test 2 · Animal builders: beavers, dams and lodges

«there's a beaver dam on the news, my uncle reckons beavers plan it all like an architect» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: beaver dam, uncle, beavers, architect · What happens: be, reckon, plan · To what, where: dam · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 2 of lesson 242 «Animal builders: beavers, dams and lodges» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 's	punct
2	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	3 's	expl
3	's	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 reckons	advcl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 dam	det
5	beaver	beaver	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dam	compound
6	dam	dam	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 's	nsubj
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 news	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 news	det
9	news	news	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dam	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 reckons	punct
11	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 uncle	nmod:poss
12	uncle	uncle	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 reckons	nsubj
13	reckons	reckon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
14	beavers	beaver	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 plan	nsubj
15	plan	plan	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 reckons	ccomp
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 plan	obj
17	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	16 it	det
18	like	like	ADP	_	20 architect	case
19	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 architect	det
20	architect	architect	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 plan	obl
21	»	»	PUNCT	_	20 architect	punct
22	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	24 right	nsubj
23	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 right	cop
24	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 architect	acl:relcl
25	?	?	PUNCT	_	13 reckons	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	be in a quote	present	a beaver dam on the news		there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	reckon in a quote	present	my uncle				vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	plan in a quote	present	beavers	dam		like a architect	vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic
4	is	present	a architect			right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

No, people build the dams and beavers just live in them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 build	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 build	punct
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 build	nsubj
4	build	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 dams	det
6	dams	dam	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 build	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 beavers	cc
8	beavers	beaver	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 dams	conj
9	just	just	ADV	_	10 live	advmod
10	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 build	advcl
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 them	case
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 live	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	present	people	the dams and beavers					vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dam=Product
2	live	present	people not said here					in people	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in they=Location

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

No, experiments show much of it is instinct set off by the sound of running water

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 show	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	experiments	experiment	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 show	nsubj
4	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 instinct	nsubj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 it	case
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 much	nmod
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 instinct	cop
9	instinct	instinct	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 show	ccomp
10	set	set	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 instinct	acl
11	off	off	ADP	_	10 set	compound:prt
12	by	by	ADP	_	14 sound	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 sound	det
14	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 set	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 water	case
16	running	run	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	17 water	amod
17	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 sound	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	show	present	experiments			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	much of it	instinct		tree rules
3	set off	participle		instinct not said here	by the sound of running water	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	run	gerund				vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Yes, the oldest beaver in the family tells the others where each stick must go, one at a time

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	9 tells	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 beaver	det
4	oldest	old	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 beaver	amod
5	beaver	beaver	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 tells	nsubj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 family	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 family	det
8	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 beaver	nmod
9	tells	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 others	det
11	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 tells	obj
12	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	16 go	advmod
13	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	14 stick	det
14	stick	stick	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 go	nsubj
15	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	16 go	aux
16	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 others	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 one	punct
18	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 others	appos
19	at	at	ADP	_	21 time	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 time	det
21	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 one	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	present	the oldest beaver in the family	the others					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent other=Recipient
2	go	must	each stick						vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Yes, they draw plans in the mud first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 draw	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 draw	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 draw	nsubj
4	draw	draw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	plans	plan	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 draw	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 mud	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 mud	det
8	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 draw	obl
9	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 draw	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	draw	present	they	plans		the mud		first property	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent plan=Theme in mud=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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