Test 8 · Animal builders: beavers, dams and lodges

Why does a beaver pond keep a stream flowing in a dry summer?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: beaver pond, stream · What happens: keep, flow · To what, where: stream

This is test 8 of lesson 242 «Animal builders: beavers, dams and lodges» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 keep	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 keep	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 pond	det
4	beaver	beaver	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pond	compound
5	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 keep	nsubj
6	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 stream	det
8	stream	stream	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 keep	obj
9	flowing	flow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 stream	acl
10	in	in	ADP	_	13 summer	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 summer	det
12	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 summer	amod
13	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 flowing	obl
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 keep	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present · do-support	a beaver pond	a stream					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stream=Theme
2	flow	gerund	a stream not said here				summer		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Beavers dig wells for the stream

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Beavers	beaver	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 dig	nsubj
2	dig	dig	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	wells	well	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 dig	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 stream	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 stream	det
6	stream	stream	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 dig	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dig	present	Beavers	wells				for the stream	vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent well=Result for stream=Beneficiary

Option 2

The pond makes rain fall

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pond	det
2	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	nsubj
3	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	obj
5	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 makes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	the pond	rain					tree rules
2	fall	infinitive	rain not said here						vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The pond holds water and lets it out slowly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pond	det
2	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 holds	nsubj
3	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 holds	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 lets	cc
6	lets	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 holds	conj
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 lets	obj
8	out	out	ADP	_	6 lets	compound:prt
9	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	6 lets	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	present	the pond	water					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme
2	let out	present	the pond not said here	water				slowly property	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 4

Beavers carry water from the sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Beavers	beaver	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 carry	nsubj
2	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 carry	obj
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 sea	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sea	det
6	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 carry	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present	Beavers	water		the sea			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent water=Theme from sea=Initial_Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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