Test 5 · Defences: poison, warning colours and mimics
«my mate says the more spots a ladybird's got the older it is, it's got 7 so it's 7» What is right?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate, ladybird · What happens: say, be, get · To what, where: more spots, 7 · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 5 of lesson 247 «Defences: poison, warning colours and mimics» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 4 says | punct |
| 2 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 mate | nmod:poss |
| 3 | mate | mate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 says | nsubj |
| 4 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 spots | det |
| 6 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 spots | amod |
| 7 | spots | spot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 says | obj |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 ladybird | det |
| 9 | ladybird | ladybird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 got | nsubj |
| 10 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 got | aux |
| 11 | got | get | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 spots | acl:relcl |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 older | det |
| 13 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 11 got | xcomp |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 older | nsubj |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 spots | cop |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 got | punct |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 got | nsubj |
| 18 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 got | aux |
| 19 | got | get | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 28 right | parataxis |
| 20 | 7 | 7 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 19 got | obj |
| 21 | so | so | ADV | _ | 24 7 | advmod |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 7 | nsubj |
| 23 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 7 | cop |
| 24 | 7 | 7 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 19 got | obj |
| 25 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 19 got | punct |
| 26 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 28 right | nsubj |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 right | cop |
| 28 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 says | conj |
| 29 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | present | my mate | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | the more spots | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | get in a quote | present · passive | a ladybird | the more spots not said here | old property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer spot=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | get in a quote | present · passive | ladybird | 7 | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer 7=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | is a in a quote | present | ladybird | 7 | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | is | present | right property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
Yes, one spot for each year, so a big spotty one is very old
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 4 spot | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 spot | nummod |
| 4 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 year | case |
| 6 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 7 year | det |
| 7 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spot | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 old | punct |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 16 old | advmod |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 one | det |
| 11 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 one | amod |
| 12 | spotty | spotty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 one | amod |
| 13 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 old | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 old | cop |
| 15 | very | very | ADV | _ | 16 old | advmod |
| 16 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 spot | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | a big spotty one | old property | tree rules |
Option 2
No, spots show how many babies it has
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 4 show | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | spots | spot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 show | nsubj |
| 4 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 many | advmod |
| 6 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 babies | amod |
| 7 | babies | baby | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 show | obj |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 has | nsubj |
| 9 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 babies | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present | spots | many babies | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent baby=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | have | present | it | many babies not said here | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient |
Option 3
Yes, one spot for each month
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 4 spot | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 spot | nummod |
| 4 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 month | case |
| 6 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 7 month | det |
| 7 | month | month | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spot | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
No, the spots show the kind of ladybird, not its age
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 5 show | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 spots | det |
| 4 | spots | spot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 show | nsubj |
| 5 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 kind | det |
| 7 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 show | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 ladybird | case |
| 9 | ladybird | ladybird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 kind | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 age | punct |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 age | advmod |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 age | nmod:poss |
| 13 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 show | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present | the spots | the kind of ladybird | ladybird's age | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent kind=Recipient |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics/t5/