Test 9 · Defences: poison, warning colours and mimics

Why are danger signs and warning tape yellow and black?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be · To what, where: danger signs

This is test 9 of lesson 247 «Defences: poison, warning colours and mimics» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 signs	advmod
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 signs	cop
3	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 signs	compound
4	signs	sign	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 tape	cc
6	warning	warning	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 tape	compound
7	tape	tape	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 signs	nmod
8	yellow	yellow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 tape	amod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 black	cc
10	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 yellow	conj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 signs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		danger signs				warning tape nmod	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Because those colours glow in the dark

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	4 glow	mark
2	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	3 colours	det
3	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 glow	nsubj
4	glow	glow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 dark	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 dark	det
7	dark	dark	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 glow	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	glow	present	that colours			the dark			vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in dark=Location

Option 2

It was chosen by a coin toss

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 chosen	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 chosen	aux:pass
3	chosen	choose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	7 toss	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 toss	det
6	coin	coin	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 toss	compound
7	toss	toss	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 chosen	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	choose	past · passive	a coin toss	It					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 3

They are the cheapest paints

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 paints	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 paints	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 paints	det
4	cheapest	cheap	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 paints	amod
5	paints	paint	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	the cheapest paints					tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

People copied nature's warning colours

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 copied	nsubj
2	copied	copy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nature	nature	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 colours	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 nature	case
5	warning	warning	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 colours	compound
6	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 copied	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	copy	past	People	nature's warning colours					vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics/t9/