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Test 5 · Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails,…

In a cartoon like Tom and Jerry, a baby bird falls out of its nest, the cat touches it, and the mother flies away for good. What is true?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: baby bird, cat, mother · What happens: fall, touch, fly away, be · To what, where: cartoon, bird

This is test 5 of lesson 249 «Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails, ink, and do ostriches bury their heads?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon like Tom and Jerry, a baby bird falls out of its nest, the cat touches it, and the mother flies away for good.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 falls	obl
4	like	like	ADP	_	5 Tom	case
5	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 cartoon	nmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 Jerry	cc
7	Jerry	Jerry	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Tom	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 bird	det
10	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 bird	compound
11	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 falls	nsubj
12	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	out	out	ADP	_	16 nest	case
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 nest	case
15	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 nest	nmod:poss
16	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 falls	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 touches	punct
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 cat	det
19	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 touches	nsubj
20	touches	touch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 falls	conj
21	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 touches	obj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 flies	punct
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 flies	cc
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 mother	det
25	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 flies	nsubj
26	flies	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 falls	conj
27	away	away	ADV	_	26 flies	advmod
28	for	for	ADP	_	29 good	case
29	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 flies	obl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 falls	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	a baby bird			a cartoon like Tom and Jerry		out bird's nest	vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Location
2	touch	present	the cat	bird					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme
3	fly away	present	the mother					for good; away property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

The chick must be raised by the cat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 chick	det
2	chick	chick	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 raised	nsubj:pass
3	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 raised	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 raised	aux:pass
5	raised	raise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 cat	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 cat	det
8	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 raised	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	raise	must · passive	the cat	the chick					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 2

The mother always leaves for ever if a person has touched it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 mother	det
2	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 leaves	nsubj
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 leaves	advmod
4	leaves	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 ever	case
6	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 leaves	obl
7	if	if	SCONJ	_	11 touched	mark
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 person	det
9	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 touched	nsubj
10	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 touched	aux
11	touched	touch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 leaves	advcl
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 touched	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	present	the mother					always property	vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for ever=Recipient
2	touch a condition, not said to happen	present · perfect	a person	it					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme

Option 3

The mother can smell the cat for years

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 mother	det
2	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 smell	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 smell	aux
4	smell	smell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 cat	det
6	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 smell	obj
7	for	for	ADP	_	8 years	case
8	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 smell	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	smell	can	the mother	the cat			year		vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cat=Stimulus

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Most birds will not abandon a chick because it was touched

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	2 birds	amod
2	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 abandon	nsubj
3	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 abandon	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 abandon	advmod
5	abandon	abandon	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 chick	det
7	chick	chick	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 abandon	obj
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 touched	mark
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 touched	nsubj:pass
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 touched	aux:pass
11	touched	touch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 abandon	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not abandon	future	Most birds	a chick					vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme chick=Source
2	touch	past · passive		chick					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches/t5/