Exam question 1 · Plants deeper: poisonous and stinging plants and staying s…

Identify the principal reason for which a person ought not to consume berries found growing wild.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, person, berries · What happens: identify, not consume, find, grow · To what, where: principal reason

This is exam question 1 of lesson 255 «Plants deeper: poisonous and stinging plants and staying safe» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 consume	obl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 person	det
8	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 consume	nsubj
9	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 consume	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 consume	advmod
11	to	to	PART	_	12 consume	mark
12	consume	consume	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 reason	acl:relcl
13	berries	berry	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 found	nsubj
14	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 consume	ccomp
15	growing	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 found	xcomp
16	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 growing	xcomp
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	not consume	ought	a person	the principal reason not said here	for the principal reason	vn consume-66 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Goal
3	find	past	berries			vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	grow	gerund	berries not said here		wild property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Wild berries contain no nourishment whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 berries	amod
2	berries	berry	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 contain	nsubj
3	contain	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 nourishment	det
5	nourishment	nourishment	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 contain	obj
6	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	3 contain	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	contain	present	Wild berries	no nourishment				whatsoever property	vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot nourishment=Theme

Option 2

Berries become poisonous upon being touched

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Berries	berry	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 become	nsubj
2	become	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 become	xcomp
4	upon	upon	SCONJ	_	6 touched	mark
5	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 touched	aux:pass
6	touched	touch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 become	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present	Berries					poisonous property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
2	touch	gerund · passive	Berries not said here						vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Many such berries are poisonous to human beings, notwithstanding their consumption by birds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 berries	amod
2	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 berries	amod
3	berries	berry	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 poisonous	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 poisonous	cop
5	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 beings	case
7	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 beings	amod
8	beings	being	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 poisonous	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 notwithstanding	punct
10	notwithstanding	notwithstand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 poisonous	advcl
11	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 consumption	nmod:poss
12	consumption	consumption	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 notwithstanding	obj
13	by	by	ADP	_	14 birds	case
14	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 notwithstanding	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Many such berries		to human beings; poisonous property	tree rules
2	notwithstand	gerund	Many such berries not said here	berries's consumption	by birds	tree rules
3	consume		berries = berry			nom consumption «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

All wild berries are invariably poisonous

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 berries	det
2	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 berries	amod
3	berries	berry	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 poisonous	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 poisonous	cop
5	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	6 poisonous	advmod
6	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	all wild berries					invariably, poisonous property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/255-plants-deeper-poisonous-and-stinging-plants-and-staying-safe/e1/