Test 1 · The microscopic world: viruses and vaccines

«my mate says a virus is just a really tiny bacteria» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate, virus · What happens: say, be · To what, where: tiny bacteria · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 258 «The microscopic world: viruses and vaccines» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct
2	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 mate	nmod:poss
3	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 virus	det
6	virus	virus	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 bacteria	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 bacteria	cop
8	just	just	ADV	_	12 bacteria	advmod
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 bacteria	det
10	really	really	ADV	_	11 tiny	advmod
11	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 bacteria	amod
12	bacteria	bacteria	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	ccomp
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 bacteria	punct
14	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	16 right	nsubj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 right	cop
16	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 says	ccomp
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert in a quote	present	my mate			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a in a quote	present	a virus	a tiny bacteria		tree rules
3	is	present			right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, a virus is much smaller and cannot copy itself without a cell

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	7 smaller	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 virus	det
4	virus	virus	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 smaller	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 smaller	cop
6	much	much	ADV	_	7 smaller	advmod
7	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 copy	cc
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 copy	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 copy	advmod
11	copy	copy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 smaller	conj
12	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	11 copy	obj
13	without	without	ADP	_	15 cell	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 cell	det
15	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 copy	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a virus					small property	tree rules
2	not copy	can	a virus not said here	virus				without a cell	vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Theme

Option 2

Yes, they are exactly the same thing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	8 thing	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 thing	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 thing	cop
5	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	8 thing	advmod
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 thing	det
7	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 thing	amod
8	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	they	the same thing				exactly property	tree rules

Option 3

Yes, it is just a baby bacterium that has not grown up yet, but will

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	8 bacterium	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 bacterium	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 bacterium	cop
5	just	just	ADV	_	8 bacterium	advmod
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 bacterium	det
7	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 bacterium	compound
8	bacterium	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 grown	nsubj
10	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 grown	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 grown	advmod
12	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	8 bacterium	acl:relcl
13	up	up	ADP	_	12 grown	compound:prt
14	yet	yet	ADV	_	12 grown	advmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 will	punct
16	but	but	CCONJ	_	17 will	cc
17	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 bacterium	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	a baby bacterium					tree rules
2	not grow up	present · perfect	a baby bacterium				yet		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

No, a virus is a kind of tiny insect

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	7 kind	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 virus	det
4	virus	virus	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 kind	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 kind	cop
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 kind	det
7	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 insect	case
9	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 insect	amod
10	insect	insect	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 kind	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a virus	a kind				of tiny insect	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines/t1/