Exam question 1 · The microscopic world: tardigrades, mites, plankton and ot…

Identify the principal means by which a tardigrade survives the desiccation of its habitat.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, principal, tardigrade · What happens: identify, mean, survive, desiccate · To what, where: desiccation, habitat · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 1 of lesson 259 «The microscopic world: tardigrades, mites, plankton and other tiny creatures» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 principal	det
3	principal	principal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 means	nsubj
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Identify	ccomp
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 survives	obl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 tardigrade	det
8	tardigrade	tardigrade	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 survives	nsubj
9	survives	survive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 means	ccomp
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 desiccation	det
11	desiccation	desiccation	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 survives	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 habitat	case
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 habitat	nmod:poss
14	habitat	habitat	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 desiccation	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	mean	present	the principal		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	survive	present	a tardigrade	the desiccation of tardigrade's habitat	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme desiccation=Circumstance
4	desiccate			tardigrade's habitat	nom desiccation «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The contraction into a dry form termed a «tun», wherein its life processes very nearly cease

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 contraction	det
2	contraction	contraction	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 termed	nsubj
3	into	into	ADP	_	6 form	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 form	det
5	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 form	amod
6	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 contraction	nmod
7	termed	term	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 tun	det
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	10 tun	punct
10	tun	tun	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 termed	obj
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 termed	punct
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 processes	punct
13	wherein	wherein	ADV	PronType=Int	16 processes	advmod
14	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 life	nmod:poss
15	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 processes	nsubj
16	processes	process	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 termed	conj
17	very	very	ADV	_	18 nearly	advmod
18	nearly	nearly	ADV	_	19 cease	advmod
19	cease	cease	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 processes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	term	past	the contraction into a dry form	a tun					vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tun=Theme
2	process	present	contraction's life	cease				wherein property	tree rules

Option 2

The production of a waterproof shell of glass, within which it remains sealed until the rains return

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 production	det
2	production	production	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 sealed	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 shell	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 shell	det
5	waterproof	waterproof	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 shell	amod
6	shell	shell	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 production	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 glass	case
8	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shell	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 remains	punct
10	within	within	ADP	_	11 which	case
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 remains	obl
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 remains	nsubj
13	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 sealed	aux:pass
14	sealed	seal	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
15	until	until	SCONJ	_	18 return	mark
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 rains	det
17	rains	rain	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 return	nsubj
18	return	return	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 sealed	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	seal	present · passive		the production of a waterproof shell of glass	vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	return	present	the rains		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	produce			a waterproof shell of glass	nom production «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

Migration to a more humid locality

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Migration	migration	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	to	to	ADP	_	6 locality	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 locality	det
4	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 humid	advmod
5	humid	humid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 locality	amod
6	locality	locality	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Migration	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

The excavation of a burrow beneath the moss

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 excavation	det
2	excavation	excavation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 burrow	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 burrow	det
5	burrow	burrow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 excavation	nmod
6	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	8 moss	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 moss	det
8	moss	moss	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 excavation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	excavate		a burrow					beneath the moss	nom excavation «act intransitive»: of=agent beneath=obl

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/259-the-microscopic-world-tardigrades-mites-plankton-and-other-tiny-creatures/e1/