Exam question 2 · The human body deeper: the brain and nerves

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the proportion of the brain employed by a human being.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, employ · To what, where: response, proportion

This is exam question 2 of lesson 260 «The human body deeper: the brain and nerves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 proportion	det
11	proportion	proportion	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 brain	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 brain	det
14	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 proportion	nmod
15	employed	employ	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 proportion	acl
16	by	by	SCONJ	_	18 human	mark
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 human	det
18	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 employed	xcomp
19	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	18 human	advcl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the proportion of the brain		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus proportion=Experiencer
4	employ	participle		the proportion of the brain not said here	human property	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Only the left hemisphere is employed by adults

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	4 hemisphere	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 hemisphere	det
3	left	left	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 hemisphere	amod
4	hemisphere	hemisphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 employed	nsubj:pass
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 employed	aux:pass
6	employed	employ	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 adults	case
8	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 employed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	employ	present · passive	adults	the left hemisphere					vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 2

The brain is wholly inactive during sleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 brain	det
2	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 inactive	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 inactive	cop
4	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	5 inactive	advmod
5	inactive	inactive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	during	during	ADP	_	7 sleep	case
7	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 inactive	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the brain				during sleep	inactive, wholly property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

All regions of the brain are employed, although not all simultaneously

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 regions	det
2	regions	region	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 employed	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 brain	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 brain	det
5	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 regions	nmod
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 employed	aux:pass
7	employed	employ	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 simultaneously	punct
9	although	although	SCONJ	_	12 simultaneously	mark
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 all	advmod
11	all	all	ADV	_	12 simultaneously	advmod
12	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV	_	7 employed	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	employ	present · passive		all regions of the brain				simultaneously property	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 4

Merely ten percent of the brain is ever employed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Merely	merely	ADV	_	2 ten	advmod
2	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 percent	nummod
3	percent	percent	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 employed	nsubj:pass
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 brain	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 brain	det
6	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 percent	nmod
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 employed	aux
8	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	9 employed	advmod
9	employed	employ	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	employ	present · passive		ten percent of the brain			ever		vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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