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Test 1 · The human body deeper: the brain and nerves

In a cartoon, Tom is hit on the head with a frying pan, sees birds spinning round his head and jumps up a second later. What is true?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: birds · What happens: hit, see, spin, jump up, be · To what, where: Tom, cartoon, birds, head

This is test 1 of lesson 260 «The human body deeper: the brain and nerves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, Tom is hit on the head with a frying pan, sees birds spinning round his head and jumps up a second later.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hit	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 hit	nsubj:pass
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 hit	aux:pass
7	hit	hit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 head	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 head	det
10	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hit	obl
11	with	with	ADP	_	14 pan	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 pan	det
13	frying	frying	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 pan	compound
14	pan	pan	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 head	nmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 sees	punct
16	sees	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 hit	conj
17	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 sees	obj
18	spinning	spin	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	16 sees	xcomp
19	round	round	ADP	_	21 head	case
20	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 head	nmod:poss
21	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 spinning	obl
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 jumps	cc
23	jumps	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 sees	conj
24	up	up	ADP	_	23 jumps	compound:prt
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 second	det
26	second	second	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	27 later	obl:unmarked
27	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	23 jumps	advmod
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 hit	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hit	present · passive		Tom		a cartoon		on the head with a frying pan	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Instrument on head=Patient
2	see	present		birds					tree rules
3	spin	gerund	birds not said here			Tom's head			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme round head=Trajectory
4	jump up	present						late property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Only cats get hurt by knocks on the head

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	2 cats	advmod
2	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hurt	nsubj:pass
3	get	get	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hurt	aux:pass
4	hurt	hurt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 knocks	case
6	knocks	knock	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hurt	obl
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 head	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 head	det
9	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 knocks	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hurt	present · passive	knocks on the head	cats					vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subject=Patient

Option 2

Heads bounce back from any blow at once, so you can play on straight away

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 bounce	nsubj
2	bounce	bounce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	back	back	ADV	_	2 bounce	advmod
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 blow	case
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	6 blow	det
6	blow	blow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bounce	obl
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 once	case
8	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	2 bounce	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 play	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	13 play	advmod
11	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	13 play	nsubj
12	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 play	aux
13	play	play	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 bounce	conj
14	on	on	ADP	_	16 away	case
15	straight	straight	ADV	_	16 away	advmod
16	away	away	ADV	_	13 play	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bounce back	present	Heads			any blow			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme from blow=Source at once=Trajectory
2	play	can	you						vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Seeing birds is how the brain heals itself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Seeing	see	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 heals	csubj
2	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Seeing	obj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 heals	cop
4	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	7 heals	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 brain	det
6	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 heals	nsubj
7	heals	heal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	7 heals	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	gerund		birds					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bird=Stimulus
2	is	present	the brain					heal property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A hard knock can shake the brain, and you should rest and see a doctor

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 knock	det
2	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 knock	amod
3	knock	knock	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shake	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 shake	aux
5	shake	shake	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 brain	det
7	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shake	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 rest	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 rest	cc
10	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	12 rest	nsubj
11	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 rest	aux
12	rest	rest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 shake	conj
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 see	cc
14	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 shake	conj
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 doctor	det
16	doctor	doctor	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 see	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shake	can	a hard knock	the brain					vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent brain=Patient
2	rest	should	you						vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	see	infinitive	a hard knock not said here	a doctor					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer doctor=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/260-human-body-deeper-the-brain-and-nerves/t1/