Test 2 · The human body deeper: the heart and blood in amazing numb…

In Tom and Jerry, Tom's heart bursts out of his chest and thumps in the air when he sees a pretty cat. What really happens when you are excited?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: heart, you · What happens: burst out, thump, see, happen, be · To what, where: chest, Tom, air, pretty cat

This is test 2 of lesson 261 «The human body deeper: the heart and blood in amazing numbers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In Tom and Jerry, Tom's heart bursts out of his chest and thumps in the air when he sees a pretty cat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 Tom	case
2	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 bursts	obl
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 Jerry	cc
4	Jerry	Jerry	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Tom	conj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Tom	punct
6	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 heart	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 Tom	case
8	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 bursts	nsubj
9	bursts	burst	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	out	out	ADP	_	13 chest	case
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 chest	case
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 chest	nmod:poss
13	chest	chest	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 bursts	obl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 thumps	cc
15	thumps	thump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 bursts	conj
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 air	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 air	det
18	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 thumps	obl
19	when	when	SCONJ	_	21 sees	mark
20	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 sees	nsubj
21	sees	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 thumps	advcl
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 cat	det
23	pretty	pretty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 cat	amod
24	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 sees	obj
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 bursts	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	burst out	present	Tom's heart	heart's chest	Tom and Jerry	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location chest=Theme
2	thump	present	Tom's heart not said here		the air	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location
3	see	present	heart	a pretty cat		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cat=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What really happens when you are excited?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happens	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	3 happens	advmod
3	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	when	when	SCONJ	_	7 excited	mark
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 excited	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 excited	cop
7	excited	excited	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 happens	xcomp
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	you					excited property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

The heart really does jump a little way up out of the chest, then drops back

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 heart	det
2	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 jump	nsubj
3	really	really	ADV	_	5 jump	advmod
4	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 jump	aux
5	jump	jump	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 way	det
7	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 way	amod
8	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 jump	obj
9	up	up	ADV	_	5 jump	advmod
10	out	out	ADP	_	13 chest	case
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 chest	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 chest	det
13	chest	chest	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 jump	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 drops	punct
15	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	16 drops	advmod
16	drops	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 jump	conj
17	back	back	ADV	_	16 drops	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	jump	present · do-support	the heart	a little way		the chest			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent way=Theme out chest=Trajectory
2	drop back	present	the heart not said here				then		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The heart beats faster, but it stays safely inside the ribs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 heart	det
2	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 beats	nsubj
3	beats	beat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 beats	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 stays	punct
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	8 stays	cc
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 stays	nsubj
8	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 beats	conj
9	safely	safely	ADV	_	8 stays	advmod
10	inside	inside	ADP	_	12 ribs	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 ribs	det
12	ribs	rib	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 stays	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	beat	present	the heart					fast property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	stay	present	heart			the ribs		safely property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside rib=Location

Option 3

The heart stops until you calm down

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 heart	det
2	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stops	nsubj
3	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	until	until	SCONJ	_	6 calm	mark
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 calm	nsubj
6	calm	calm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 stops	advcl
7	down	down	ADP	_	6 calm	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	the heart						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	calm down	present	you						vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

The heart swells to twice its size

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 heart	det
2	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 swells	nsubj
3	swells	swell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	7 size	mark
5	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	7 size	advmod
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 size	nmod:poss
7	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 swells	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swell	present	the heart	heart's size					vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/261-human-body-deeper-heart-and-blood/t2/