Exam question 1 · The human body deeper: lungs, stomach and guts

Identify the principal function of the alveoli of the lungs.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify · To what, where: principal function

This is exam question 1 of lesson 262 «The human body deeper: lungs, stomach and guts» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 function	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 function	amod
4	function	function	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 alveoli	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 alveoli	det
7	alveoli	alveolus	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 function	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 lungs	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 lungs	det
10	lungs	lung	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 alveoli	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal function of the alveoli of the lungs					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 exchange	det
2	exchange	exchange	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 oxygen	case
4	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 exchange	nmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 dioxide	cc
6	carbon	carbon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 dioxide	compound
7	dioxide	dioxide	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 exchange	conj
8	between	between	ADP	_	10 air	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 air	det
10	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 dioxide	nmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 blood	cc
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 blood	det
13	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 exchange	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exchange			oxygen					nom exchange «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

The digestion of food prior to its absorption into the blood through the walls of the lungs

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 digestion	det
2	digestion	digestion	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 food	case
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 digestion	nmod
5	prior	prior	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	8 absorption	case
6	to	to	ADP	_	5 prior	fixed
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 absorption	nmod:poss
8	absorption	absorption	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 digestion	nmod
9	into	into	ADP	_	11 blood	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 blood	det
11	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 digestion	nmod
12	through	through	ADP	_	14 walls	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 walls	det
14	walls	wall	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 digestion	nmod
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 lungs	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 lungs	det
17	lungs	lung	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 walls	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	digest			food		the blood		prior food's absorption	nom digestion «process transitive»: of=patient prior=obl into=place
2	absorb		food						nom absorption «process transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

The storage of water for the body

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 storage	det
2	storage	storage	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 water	case
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 storage	nmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 body	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 body	det
7	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 storage	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	store			water				for the body	nom storage «act transitive»: of=patient for=obl

Option 4

The production of sound in speech

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 production	det
2	production	production	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 sound	case
4	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 production	nmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 speech	case
6	speech	speech	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 production	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	produce			sound		speech			nom production «act transitive»: of=patient in=place

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/262-human-body-deeper-lungs-stomach-and-guts/e1/