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Test 5 · ★ · The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argenti…

In a cartoon a dinosaur chews its leaves slowly like a cow. What did real sauropods do?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: dinosaur, real sauropods · What happens: chew, do · To what, where: leaves, cartoon

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 266 «The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argentinosaurus and Brontosaurus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a dinosaur chews its leaves slowly like a cow.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 chews	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 dinosaur	det
5	dinosaur	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 chews	nsubj
6	chews	chew	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 leaves	nmod:poss
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 chews	obj
9	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	6 chews	advmod
10	like	like	ADP	_	12 cow	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 cow	det
12	cow	cow	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 chews	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 chews	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chew	present	a dinosaur	dinosaur's leaves		a cartoon		like a cow; slowly property	vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What did real sauropods do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 did	nsubj
2	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 sauropods	amod
4	sauropods	sauropod	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 do	nsubj
5	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 did	ccomp
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 did	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past							tree rules
2	do	present	real sauropods						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1

Ate only stones and never touched a single leaf

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 stones	advmod
3	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Ate	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 touched	cc
5	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	6 touched	advmod
6	touched	touch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Ate	conj
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 leaf	det
8	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 leaf	amod
9	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 touched	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	past		stones					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Patient
2	not touch	past		a single leaf					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme leaf=Co-Theme

Option 2

Licked the juice off the leaves and left the rest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Licked	lick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 juice	det
3	juice	juice	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Licked	obj
4	off	off	ADP	_	6 leaves	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 leaves	det
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Licked	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 left	cc
8	left	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Licked	conj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 rest	det
10	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 left	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lick	past		the juice		the leaves			vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent juice=Theme off leaf=Source
2	leave	past		the rest					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rest=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Swallowed leaves whole and let the gut break them down

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swallowed	swallow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 leaves	amod
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 whole	nsubj
3	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 let	cc
5	let	let	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 whole	conj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 gut	det
7	gut	gut	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 let	obj
8	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 let	xcomp
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 break	obj
10	down	down	ADP	_	8 break	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swallow	participle							vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	let	infinitive		the gut					tree rules
3	break down	infinitive	the gut not said here	leaves = leaf					vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient

Option 4

Chewed every leaf many times with big flat teeth, like a cow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chewed	chew	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	3 leaf	det
3	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Chewed	obj
4	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 times	amod
5	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Chewed	obl:unmarked
6	with	with	ADP	_	9 teeth	case
7	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 teeth	amod
8	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 teeth	amod
9	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Chewed	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 cow	punct
11	like	like	ADP	_	13 cow	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 cow	det
13	cow	cow	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 teeth	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chew	participle		every leaf			time	with big flat teeth and a cow	vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/t5/