Test 3 · ★ · Feathered dinosaurs: from Archaeopteryx to the chicken on…

«a crocodile's basically a big lizard right» What is true?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: big lizard · What happens: be

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 269 «Feathered dinosaurs: from Archaeopteryx to the chicken on your plate» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	13 true	punct
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 crocodile	det
3	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lizard	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 crocodile	case
5	basically	basically	ADV	_	8 lizard	advmod
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 lizard	det
7	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 lizard	amod
8	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 true	nsubj
9	right	right	ADV	_	13 true	advmod
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 right	punct
11	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	13 true	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 true	cop
13	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	13 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a crocodile's big lizard					right, true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Yes, crocs come from snakes that grew legs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 come	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	crocs	croc	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 come	nsubj
4	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 snakes	case
6	snakes	snake	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 come	obl
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 grew	nsubj
8	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 snakes	acl:relcl
9	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 grew	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	crocs					from snakes	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from snake=Initial_Location
2	grow	past	snakes	legs					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location leg=Theme

Option 2

Yes, it is just a giant lizard that lives in rivers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	8 lizard	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 lizard	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 lizard	cop
5	just	just	ADV	_	8 lizard	advmod
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 lizard	det
7	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 lizard	amod
8	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 lives	nsubj
10	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 lizard	acl:relcl
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 rivers	case
12	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 lives	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	a giant lizard					tree rules
2	live	present	a giant lizard			rivers			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in river=Location

Option 3

No, crocodiles are fish that learnt to walk

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 fish	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	crocodiles	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 fish	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fish	cop
5	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 learnt	nsubj
7	learnt	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 fish	acl:relcl
8	to	to	PART	_	9 walk	mark
9	walk	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 learnt	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	is a	present	crocodiles	fish	tree rules
2	learn	past	fish		vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	walk	to-infinitive	fish not said here		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, crocodiles are closer to birds than to lizards

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	3 crocodiles	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	crocodiles	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 closer	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 closer	cop
5	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 birds	case
7	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 closer	obl
8	than	than	ADP	_	10 lizards	case
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 lizards	case
10	lizards	lizard	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 closer	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	crocodiles					to birds; than lizards; close property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/269-feathered-dinosaurs-archaeopteryx-to-chicken/t3/