Test 8 · ★ · Dolphins, porpoises and seals
A seal swims fast through dark water and catches a fish it can't see. Which sense helps most?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: seal, sense · What happens: swim, catch, not see, help · To what, where: dark water, fish
This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 27 «Dolphins, porpoises and seals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A seal swims fast through dark water and catches a fish it can't see.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 seal | det |
| 2 | seal | seal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 swims | nsubj |
| 3 | swims | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 swims | advmod |
| 5 | through | through | ADP | _ | 7 water | case |
| 6 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 water | amod |
| 7 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 swims | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 catches | cc |
| 9 | catches | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 swims | conj |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 fish | det |
| 11 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 catches | obj |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 see | nsubj |
| 13 | ca | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 see | aux |
| 14 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 see | advmod |
| 15 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 fish | acl:relcl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 swims | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swim | present | a seal | dark water | fast property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through water=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | catch | present | a seal not said here | a fish | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme | ||||
| 3 | not see | can | seal | a fish not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fish=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Which sense helps most?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 2 sense | det |
| 2 | sense | sense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 helps | nsubj |
| 3 | helps | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 3 helps | advmod |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 helps | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | help | present | which sense | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Smell, under water
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Smell | smell | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Smell | punct |
| 3 | under | under | ADP | _ | 4 water | case |
| 4 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Smell | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
Taste, through its flippers
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Taste | taste | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 flippers | punct |
| 3 | through | through | ADP | _ | 5 flippers | case |
| 4 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 flippers | nmod:poss |
| 5 | flippers | flipper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Taste | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
Touch, through its whiskers
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Touch | touch | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 whiskers | punct |
| 3 | through | through | ADP | _ | 5 whiskers | case |
| 4 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 whiskers | nmod:poss |
| 5 | whiskers | whisker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Touch | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4
Sight, with night vision
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 vision | punct |
| 3 | with | with | ADP | _ | 5 vision | case |
| 4 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 vision | compound |
| 5 | vision | vision | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Sight | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/27-dolphins-porpoises-and-seals/t8/